ĐK : \(y\ne0\) Chia cả hai vế của phương trình thứ hai cho y³

\(\Rightarrow x^3+\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\dfrac{x}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)=4\)

HPT\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+x+\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=4\\ab=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây tự làm nha

a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge4\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=a>0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2=2x+2\sqrt{x^2-16}\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(a=a^2-12\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-12=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-16}=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-16}=8-x\left(x\le8\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-16=x^2-16x+64\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5\)

b/ \(x\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+1}=a\\\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(a+3b=3+ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab-a-\left(3b-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-1\right)-3\left(b-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+1}=3\\\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=9\\4x^2-2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2:

a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2-4xy-5=0\\4xy\left(x+2y\right)+5\left(x+2y\right)-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(4xy+5\right)=0\\\left(4xy+5\right)\left(x+2y\right)-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=a\\4xy+5=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b=0\\ab=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2-\frac{1}{a}=0\Rightarrow a^3-1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=1\\4xy+5=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\\4y\left(1-2y\right)+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\\-8y^2+4y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\Rightarrow x=-1\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/Cộng vế với vế:

\(17x^2-2\left(4y^2+1\right)x+y^4+1=0\)

\(\Delta'=\left(4y^2+1\right)^2-17\left(y^4+1\right)=-y^4+8y^2-16\)

\(\Delta'=-\left(y^2-4\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow y^2-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Với \(y=2\) \(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)

\(\)- Với \(y=-2\Rightarrow x^2-2x-7=0\Rightarrow x=1\pm2\sqrt{2}\)

@Akai Haruma

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a: Đặt |x-6|=a, |y+1|=b

Theo đề, ta có hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+3b=5\\5a-4b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>|x-6|=1 và |y+1|=1

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{7;5\right\}\\y\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: Đặt |x+y|=a, |x-y|=b

Theo đề, ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=19\\3a+2b=17\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{55}{7}\\b=-\dfrac{23}{7}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>HPTVN

c: Đặt |x+y|=a, |x-y|=b

Theo đề ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3b=8\\3a-5b=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>|x+y|=2 và x=y

=>|2x|=2 và x=y

=>x=y=1 hoặc x=y=-1

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=1\\\left(x-1\right)\left(y-3\right)-\left(x-1\right)-\left(y-3\right)+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=a\\y-3=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=1\\ab-a-b+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=1\\\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

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