1the crops were badly affected by the storm ( effect)

=> The storm had a bad effect on the crops.

2the project received unsnimous approval of the committee

=> The wholecommittee was in favour of the project.

3 the personel officer promised him that she wouldn't tell anyone that he had been in the prison(word)

=> The personnel officer gave him her word that she wouldn’t tell any one that he had been in the prison.

4 I had lost his phone number , so i couldn't contact him before(touch)

=> I could not keep in touch with him because I had lost his phone number.

5 because of the absence of the atmosphere on the moon , the sky there is black,just as in space

=> Because the atmosphere on the moon is absent, the sky there is black,just as in space.

6 It takes six hours to drive from here to london

=> It is six hours to drive from here to London.

7 you can avoid tooth dacay by brushing your teeth regularly (prevent)

=> Brushing your teeth regularly prevents you from tooth decay.

8 some of Peter's expressions make me think of my brother ( remind)

=> Some of Peter's expressions remind me of my brother.

9 when do you think this bridge was built ? (old)

=> How old is this bridge?

10 that old typewriter is not worth repairing ( pointless)

=> Repairing that old typewriter is pointless.

11 my bank manager and i get on together very well ( term)

-> I'm on good terms with my bank manager.

12 that hotel is a bit too expensive for us , i am afraid (reach)

=> That hotel is a bit beyond our reach, I'm afraid.

13 absolute screcy was crucial to the success of the mission

=> Without absolute secrecy, the mission wouldn't have succeeded.

14 immediately after his arriaval home a water-heater exploded

=> Hardly had he arrived home when a water-heater exploded.

15 rita doesn't realize how serious her husband's operation is going to be

=> Little does Rita realize how serious her husband's operation is going to be.

16 a waiter spilled soup over lydia's new dress last night

=> Lydia had some soup spilled over her new dress by a waiter last night.

17 tim insisted on beong tole complete story

=> Nothing but the complete story would satisfy Tim.

18 Jane's husband will be returning from south americ quitw soon

=> It won't be long after Jane's husband returns from S.A.

19 the permit expires at the end of this month

=> The permit is not valid after the end of this month.

20 I don't really like her , even though I admire her achivements

=> Much as I admire her achievements, I don't really like her.

21Martin may not be very well but she still manages to enjoy life

=> Martin's poor health can't prevent him from enjoying life.

22 The Pacific Ocean is on average deeper than The atlantic

=> The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is higher than the Atlantic's.

23 we couldn't find George anywhere

=> George nowhere to be found.

24 under no circumstances should you phone the police

=> The last thing you should do is to phone the police.

25 provided your hand writing is legible , the examiners will accept your paper

=> So long as the examiner can undertand your handwriting ,your answer will be accepted.

26 a lot of people depend on him

=> He is a person on whom a lot of people depend.

27 I daren't turn on the TV because the baby might wake up ( fear)

=> I daren't turn on the TV for fear that the baby might wake up.

28 the teacher agreed to introduce the new methods ( agreement)

=> There was an agreement among the teachers to introduce the new methods.

29 If interest rates are cut , the economic situation may improve ( reduction)

=> A reduction of interest rates may improve the economic situation.

30 I don't personally care if they come or not ( matter)

=> It doesn’t matter to me whether they come or not.

31 local residents said they were against the new traffic scheme ( disapproval)

=> Local residents expressed their disapproval of the new traffic scheme.

32 why isn't this tv working ?

=> What is wrong with this TV?

33 we should ban the use of pesticides , but we should also restrict the use of other chemicals

=> In addition to banning the use of pesticides, we should also restrict the use of other chemicals.

34 we must do something about the problem even if it cost a lot

=> Costly as it may be, we must do something about the problem.

1 he can not go out because he has to study for his exam

=> if .................he didn't have study for his exam, he could go out........................................................................

2 she is lazy so she can not pass the exam

=> if ........................she wasn't lazy, she could pass the exam
.......................................................................

3 he will pay me tonight , i will have enough money to buy a car

=> if .........he doesn't pay me tonight, i won't have enough money to buy a car ..................................................................................

4 he smokes too much , that is why he can not get rid of his cough

=>if ........................ he didn't smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough........................................................................

5 she is very shy , so she does not enjoy the pary

=>if .............. she wasn't shy, she could enjoy the party................................................................

6 i will get a work permit . i will stay for another month

=>if .......................I get a work permit, I will stay for another month..................................................................

7 he does not take any exercises. he is so unhealthy

=>if ............he took some exercises, he couldn't be unhealthy..............................................................

8 we can not get the ticket because i don not have the right change

=> if I have the right change, we could get the ticket.........................................................................................................

9 study hard or you won't pass the exam

=>if .....................you studied hard, you would pass the exam..........................................

10 don't be impatient or you will make mistakes

=>if .........................you was impatient, you would make mistakes....................................................

1. You got into so much trouble because you didn't listen to me.

—>If you had listened to me,you wouldn't have got into so much trouble

2. There are so many bugs in the room because there isn't a screen on the
—>If there were a screen on the ,there wouldn't so many bugs in the room
4. He is busy right now. So, he can'thelp them.
—>If he weren't busy right now,he could help them
4. I can't make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking
—>If i were good at cooking,i could make all of my own meals
6. I'm not you, so I can't tell him the truth.
—>If I were you,i could tell him the truth.
6.She came, so he wasn't disappointed

—>If she hadn't come,he would have been disappointed

cau 1 : do as directed at the end of each sentence

1 you / worried / am / that / back / i / come / will not

i am worried that you won't come back.

2 he was very tired . however , he went to school this morning >> even though ..........he was very tired, he went to school this morning.........................................

3 although video games are not good for students , ...........they play them everyday............................................. (complete the snetence)

4 tom can read in english . he can not write in english ( combine two sentences into one , using one of these connectives : and , but , or , so , therefore , however , because ) >> tom .........................tom can read in english , but he can't write in english.................................

5 i like the cartoons . she game me the cartoons last week ( combine two sentences into one , using '' who '' , '' which '' or '' that ''

i like the cartoons which she gave me last week.

A. REWITE WITH IF
1) She is very shy, so she doens't enjoy the party.
=> If she weren't very shy, she would enjoy the party.
2) I will get a work permit. I will stay for anpther month.
=> If I didn't get a work permit, I wouldn't stay for any other month.
3)He doesn't take any exercises . He is is so unhealthy.
=> If he took exercises, he would be healthy.
4) We can't get the ticket because idon't have the right change.
=> If I had the right change, we could get the ticket.
5) Study hard of you won't pass the exam.
=>If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.
6) Don't be impatient of you will make mistakes.
=>If you are impatient, you will make mistakes.
B. REWITE WITH COMPARISON
1) The first film was not as interesting as this one.
=> This film was more interesting than the first one.
2) This house is not so expensive asthat one.
=> That house is the more expensive of the two.
3) My dog ate more than your dog.
=> Your dog didn't eat as much as my dog.
4) Volleyball is not as exciting as football.
=> Football is more exciting than volleyball.
5) Tom isn't as interested in movies as his father.
=> Tom's father is more interested in movies than him.

1. I didn't eat lunch, I feel hungry now

=> If I had eaten lunch, I wouldn't feel hungry now

2. I only come if they invite me

=> Unless they invite me, I won't come

3. He didn't revise all his lessons, he failed the exam

=> If he had revised all his lessons, he wouldn't have failed the exam

4. The park is over there, only 5 minutes walk

=> If you walk to the park, it only takes you 5 minutes

5. Leave me alone or I'll call the police

=> Unless you leave me alone, I'll call the police

6. If you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner

=> Should you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner

7. The children don't go to school in the snowvy weather

=> If it weren't for the snowy weather, the children would go to school

8. He died so young ; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now

=> Had he not died so young, he would be a famous musician by now

9. You must tell me the whole truth or I won't help you

=> Unless you tell me the whole truth, I won't help you

10. The car breaks down so often because you don't take good care of it

=> Were I to take good care of the car, it wouldn't break down so often

Rewrite the sentences

1. He went out of the restaurant, but did not pay the bill.

=> Without..............................................paying the bill, he went out of the restaurant

2. As soon as I turned round at the corner, I caught sight of Mary.

-> On........................ turning round at the corner, I caught sight of Mary..................................

3.The phone rang and that made the baby wake up.

=> Because of................the sound of the phone, the baby waked up......................

4. It seems that the plane was losing height

-> The plane.................seems to have been losing height...................

5.They believed that the Mafia had commited the crime.

->The Mafia................was believed to had commited the crime.................

6. Howlong have you learnt English?

-> When................did you learn ENglish......................?

7. Stop walking or you will be sent out.

-> Unless........................you stop walking, you will be sent out...................................

8.What a beautiful dress you have

-> How..........................beautiful your dress is!.................................

9. "Have you ever been to Paris, TOm?" Mary said

-> Mary asked.................tom if he had ever been to Paris................

Rewrite the sentences

1. He went out of the restaurant, but did not pay the bill.

=> Without..............................................paying the bill, he went out of the restaurant

2. As soon as I turned round at the corner, I caught sight of Mary.

-> On........................ turning round at the corner, I caught sight of Mary..................................

3.The phone rang and that made the baby wake up.

=> Because of................the sound of the phone, the baby waked up......................

4. It seems that the plane was losing height

-> The plane.................seems to have been losing height...................

5.They believed that the Mafia had commited the crime.

->The Mafia................was believed to had commited the crime.................

6. Howlong have you learnt English?

-> When......................................?

7. Stop walking or you will be sent out.

-> Unless........................you stop walking, you will be sent out...................................

8.What a beautiful dress you have

-> How..........................beautiful your dress is!.................................

9. "Have you ever been to Paris, TOm?" Mary said

-> Mary asked.................tom if he had ever been to Paris................

Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verb in brackets

1. His joke made us ( laugh) ___laughing__ a lot.

2. I don't want (take) __to take__ care of as if I were a child.

3. They advised him (not cross) __not to cross___ the street against the red lights

4. We (look) __were looking_ for a cafeteria when we met Sue.

5. My dad (already/ be) __has already been__ to Hanoi many times

6. Do you have any difficulty in (solve) ___solving____ this problem?

Complete the unfinished sentence in such a way that it means nearly the same as the sentence printed before it.

1. the news worried them, and they were unhappy

-> It was such worrying news that they were unhappy

2. We can always check this machine before we use it

-> I suggest we should always check this machine before we use it

3. he couldn't come to the meeting, which was a real pity

-> I wish he had come to the meeting

4. Someone repaired the television set for Bill

-> Bill had his television set repaired

5. After many years of hard work, he retired

-> After he had worked for many years, he retired

6. She has never been to dance before.

-> this is the first time she has been to dance .

7. Music interests her greatly

->She takes an interest in music

8. he was nice to help me with the Math problem

-> It was nice of him to help me with the Math problem

9. we had a very good time at the seaside

-> We enjoyed our time at the seasde very much

10. It is said that Federer is the best tennis player now.

- Federer is said to be the best tennis player now

1. My uncle cooks very well at a famous restaurant

=> My uncle is a good cook at a famous restaurant

2. He is a skillfull soccer player

=> He plays soccer skillfully

3. Hoa is a very hard-working student

=> Hoa studies very hard

4. They designed fashions cleverly

=> They were clever fashions designers

5. We can't swim in this river because the water is highly polluted

=> Because of the pollution of the water , we can't swim in this river

6. He faild the exam because of not learning the lesson carefully

=> Because he didn't learn the lesson carefully , he failed the exam

7. We all admire this woman because she is wise

=> Because of this woman's wisdom , we all admire her