2. Change these sentences into reported speech.

(Chuyển các câu sau về câu gián tiếp.)

1. ‘The burning of coal leads to air pollution,’ Mrs Le explained.

(“Việc đốt than dẫn đến ô nhiễm không khí,” bà Lê giải thích.)

2. ‘I have to present my paper on endangered animals next week,’ Nam said.

(“Tôi phải trình bày bài làm của tôi về động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng vào tuần tới,” Nam nói.)

3. ‘Do human activities have an impact on the environment?’ Linda asked the speaker.

(“Các hoạt động của con người có tác động đến môi trường không?” Linda hỏi diễn giả.)

4. ‘What environmental projects is your school working on?’ Nam aksed Mai.

(“Trường bạn đang thực hiện những dự án môi trường nào?” Nam hỏi Mai.)

5. ‘I will read more articles before writing the essay, Nam,’ Tom said.

(‘Tôi sẽ đọc thêm nhiều bài báo trước khi viết bài luận, Nam,’ Tom nói.)

1. Read the text and complete each blank of the fact file about Earth Hour with ONE word.

(Đọc văn bản và hoàn thành từng ô trống của tệp thông tin thực tế về Giờ Trái đất bằng MỘT từ.)

EARTH HOUR

Earth Hour is a global event organised by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). Held every year, it encourages people and businesses to turn off their lights and other unnecessary electrical devices for one hour from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. on the last Saturday of March. Earth Hour was started as a lights-out event in Sydney, Australia, in 2007. Since then, it has grown to become an international movement for the environment, happening in more than 7,000 cities and towns across 187 countries and territories.

Earth Hour has created a positive environmental impact. It shows the public support for protecting the environment and saving the planet. It also draws attention to climate change and global energy issues, and promotes green activities worldwide.

Viet Nam joined the event in 2009 and has been an active and keen supporter since then. Besides switching off lights, people can take part in a number of activities to raise awareness of environmental problems and call for action for climate, people and nature.

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct forms.

(Chia dạng đúng các động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. If I (be) ______ you, I (live) ______ with a host family so that I can learn more about the local culture.

2. If we (work) ______ together, we (be) ______ able to reduce the negative impact of tourism on the environment.

3. If we (allow) ______ more people to crowd the city centre, we (have) ______ to deal with environmental pollution in the future.

4. If we (have) ______ enough money, we (go) ______ on an ecotour to Finland. Instead, were staying in Viet Nam in the summer. 

1. Read the text. Match the highlighted words with their meanings.

(Đọc văn bản. Nối các từ được làm nổi bật với nghĩa của chúng.)

The more people travel, the bigger impact they may have on the environment. How can we reduce it while travelling? Here are some advice.

Reduce your carbon footprint while travelling. Since flying produces more carbon footprint than any other means of transport, you should only fly when the trip is long. During the trip, you should walk, cycle or use public transport as much as you can. This not only helps to keep the environment clean, but also allows you to enjoy the beauty of nature and interact with local people. 

Choose eco-friendly activities that benefit animals and the ecosystem. Avoid activities that allow you to touch or ride animals because they disturb their natural patterns and attract many people. Instead, visit wildlife parks or organic farms. These will help you understand and respect the nature more and stop doing things that harm the environment.

2. Rewrite these sentences about Hoi An villages. Use the expressions below to help you.

(Viết lại những câu này về các làng quê Hội An. Sử dụng các cấu trúc diễn đạt dưới đây để giúp bạn.)

1. Hoi An villages are famous for their beautiful vegetable and herb gardens.

=> __________________ well-known ________________________.

2. Tourists can work on a local farm in the morning.

=> _____________________ spend________________________.

3. Tourists should buy handmade products to help local businesses.

=> __________________ recommended ________________________.

Useful expressions:

What is special about the place? 

(Điều gì đặc biệt về nơi này?)

- … is / are famous for sth. 

(... nổi tiếng về...)

- … is / are well-known for sth. 

(... nổi tiếng về...)

What can tourists do / explore there?

(Du khách có thể làm gì ở đây?)

- ... can enjoy doing sth.

(... có thể thích...)

- … can spend time doing sth.

(...có thể dành thời gian...)

- Favourite leisure activities are / include doing sth.

(Những hoạt động giải trí yêu thích là...)

What can tourists do to make their trip more eco-friendly?

(Du khách có thể làm gì để chuyến đi của họ thân thiện với môi trường hơn?)

- ... ought (not) to / should (not) do sth…

(... nên (không nên)...)

- … are encouraged / recommended (nor) to do sth. 

(... được khuyến khích/ đề xuất...)

Write a paragraph (120 - 150 words) about things you should or shouldn't do to reduce the negative impact of travelling on the environment. You may use the ideas in the reading to help you.

(Viết một đoạn văn (120 - 150 từ) về những việc nên làm hoặc không nên làm để giảm tác động tiêu cực của việc đi du lịch đến môi trường. Bạn có thể sử dụng những ý tưởng trong bài đọc để giúp bạn.)

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

Imagine that you are going on a day trip. Work in pairs. Discuss and plan your trip. Use the following points to help you.

(Hãy tưởng tượng rằng bạn đang có một chuyến du lịch trong ngày. Làm việc theo cặp. Thảo luận và lên kế hoạch cho chuyến đi của bạn. Sử dụng những điểm sau đây để giúp bạn.)

- Where you will go

(Bạn sẽ đi đâu)

- When you will leave

(Khi nào bạn rời đi)

- Which attractions you will visit

(Những điểm du lịch bạn sẽ đến thăm)

- Things you should avoid doing on the trip to protect the environment

(Những điều bạn nên tránh trong chuyến đi để bảo vệ môi trường)

2. Read the text and choose the best tittle for it.

(Đọc văn bản và chọn tiêu đề hay nhất.)

a. Environmental problems: What are they?

b. Environmental protection: How important is it?

c. Environmental solutions: How practical are they?

The environment we live in is facing many serious problems. We need to be aware of these problems so that we can find ways to protect nature.

A. Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere. It is one of the biggest issues facing humans today. It can have serious consequences such as rising sea levels, polar ice melting, and extreme weather events like floods or heatwaves.

B. Another environmental problem is the cutting and clearing of natural forests. The loss of forests can have a negative impact on the environment. It can damage the natural habitats of many animals and put wildlife in danger. It can also destroy the natural soil and lead to climate change.

C. Air pollution is also a serious problem. It is mainly caused by waste gases that come out of vehicles, machines, or factories. When these harmful gases combine with the water in the air, they come down as rain or snow, which can damage all forms of life. In addition, this problem leads to global warming and climate change. It is also a major cause of respiratory diseases or even lung cancer.

D. Around the world, the number of endangered animals is rising. Many of them disappear because of pollution and climate change. In addition, humans illegally hunt and kill animals, and catch too many fish at once. This is upsetting the natural balance of ecosystems, which can be harmful to all living and non-living things.

1. Match the two parts to make complete sentences.

(Ghép hai phần để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.)