a) Ta có: \(x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+1>0\forall x\)

nên x+1=0

hay x=-1

Vậy: S={-1}

b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2+11x-6=0\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-5x^2+5x+6x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-5x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={1;2;3}

c) Ta có: \(x^3-x^2-21x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+2x^2-6x-15x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+2x\left(x-3\right)-15\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+5x-3x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={3;-5}

d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3-4x^2-5x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+4x^3-8x^2+4x^2-8x+3x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+4x^2\cdot\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)

nên (x-2)(x+3)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={2;-3}

\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)=7x^3+21x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+27=7x^3+21x\\ \Leftrightarrow6x^3+21x-27=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(6x^3-6x^2\right)+\left(6x^2-6x\right)+\left(27x-27\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6x^2+6x+27\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\6x^2+6x+27=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\6\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{51}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\6\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{51}{2}=0\left(vô.lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+27-7x^3-21x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^3-21x+27=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^3+6x-27x+27=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-6x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-27\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6x^2+6x+27\right)=0\)

hay x=1

a: \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

f: \(x^3-5x^2-5x+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\)

Bài 1

a/ \(x\left(x^2+1\right)+2\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)

b/

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+9x+5x^2-30x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)^2+5\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+2x^2+2x+x^2+2x+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+2x+2\right)+x^2+2x+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x^2+2x+2=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d/

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^3-2x^2-x^3-x^2+2x+4x^2+4x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+x-2\right)-x\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+4\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+4=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2+x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) x = -1.                      b) x = 4 hoặc x = 5.

c) x = ± 2 .                  d) x = 1 hoặc x = 2.

Chọn C

Ta có: P(x) + Q(x) = x3+ x2+ 2x-1

⇒ Q(x) = (x3 + x2 + 2x-1) - P(x)

= 2x3 + 4x2 - 8x - 3.

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

x 3   –   x 2   –   x   +   1   =   0     ⇔   ( x 3   –   x 2 )   –   ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   x 2 ( x   –   1 )   –   ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   ( x 2   –   1 ) ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   ( x   –   1 ) ( x   +   1 ) ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   ( x   –   1 ) 2 ( x   +   1 )   =   0

Vậy x = 1 hoặc x = -1

Đáp án cần chọn là: A

x 3   –   x 2   –   x   +   1   =   0     ⇔   ( x 3   –   x 2 )   –   ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   x 2 ( x   –   1 )   –   ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔ ( x 2   –   1 ) ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   ( x   –   1 ) ( x   +   1 ) ( x   –   1 )   =   0     ⇔   ( x   –   1 ) 2 ( x   +   1 )   =   0

Vậy x = 1 hoặc x = -1

Đáp án cần chọn là: A