\(\frac{x+1}{2019}+\frac{x+2}{2018}+\frac{x+3}{2017}=\frac{x-1}{2021}+\frac{x-2}{2022}+\frac{x-3}{2023}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2018}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2017}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x-1}{2021}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-2}{2022}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-3}{2023}+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1+2019}{2019}\right)+\left(\frac{x+2+2018}{2018}\right)+\left(\frac{x+3+2017}{2017}\right)=\left(\frac{x-1+2021}{2021}\right)+\left(\frac{x-2+2022}{2022}\right)+\left(\frac{x-3+2023}{2023}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}=\frac{x+2020}{2021}+\frac{x+2020}{2022}+\frac{x+2020}{2023}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}-\frac{x+2020}{2021}-\frac{x+2020}{2022}-\frac{x+2020}{2023}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2020\right)\left(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\right)=0\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\ne0\)

=> x + 2020 = 0

=> x = -2020

            Bài làm :

Ta có :

\(\frac{x+1}{2019}+\frac{x+2}{2018}+\frac{x+3}{2017}=\frac{x-1}{2021}+\frac{x-2}{2022}+\frac{x-3}{2023}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2018}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2017}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x-1}{2021}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-2}{2022}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-3}{2023}+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1+2019}{2019}\right)+\left(\frac{x+2+2018}{2018}\right)+\left(\frac{x+3+2017}{2017}\right)=\left(\frac{x-1+2021}{2021}\right)+\left(\frac{x-2+2022}{2022}\right)+\left(\frac{x-3+2023}{2023}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}=\frac{x+2020}{2021}+\frac{x+2020}{2022}+\frac{x+2020}{2023}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}-\frac{x+2020}{2021}-\frac{x+2020}{2022}-\frac{x+2020}{2023}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2020\right)\left(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\right)=0\)

 \(\text{Vì : }\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+2020=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2020\)

Vậy x=-2020

\(a^{2019}+b^{2019}=a^{2020}+b^{2020}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2020}-a^{2019}=b^{2019}-b^{2020}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2019}\left(a-1\right)=b^{2019}\left(1-b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2019}}{b^{2019}}=\dfrac{1-b}{a-1}\left(1\right)\\ a^{2020}+b^{2020}=a^{2021}+b^{2021}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2021}-a^{2020}=b^{2020}-b^{2021}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2020}\left(a-1\right)=b^{2020}\left(1-b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2020}}{b^{2020}}=\dfrac{1-b}{a-1}\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2019}}{b^{2019}}=\dfrac{a^{2020}}{b^{2020}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=1\Leftrightarrow a=b\\ \Leftrightarrow2a^{2019}=2a^{2020}\\ \Leftrightarrow a=1=b\\ \Leftrightarrow P=2022-\left(1+1-1\right)^{2022}=2021\)

hhelp

TH1: x<2019

=>x-2019<0; x-2020<0; x-2021<0; x-2022<0

=>M=-x+2019-x+2020-x+2021-x+2022=-4x+8082

Vì hàm số M=-4x+8082 là hàm số nghịch biến trên R

nên M nhỏ nhất khi x lớn nhất

Khi x<2019 thì x không có giá trị lớn nhất

=>M không có giá trị nhỏ nhất

TH2: 2019<=x<2020

=>x-2019>=0; x-2020<0; x-2021<0; x-2022<0

=>M=x-2019-x+2020-x+2021-x+2022=-2x+4034

Vì hàm số M=-2x+4034 là hàm số nghịch biến trên R

nên M nhỏ nhất khi x lớn nhất

Khi 2019<=x<2020 thì x không có giá trị lớn nhất

=>M không có giá trị nhỏ nhất

TH3: 2020<=x<2021

=>x-2019>0; x-2020>=0; x-2021<0; x-2022<0

=>M=x-2019+x-2020+2021-x+2022-x=4(1)

TH4: 2021<=x<2022

=>x-2019>0; x-2020>0; x-2021>=0; x-2022<0

=>M=x-2019+x-2020+x-2021+2022-x=2x-4038

Vì hàm số M=2x-4038 là hàm số đồng biến trên R

nên M nhỏ nhất khi x nhỏ nhất

Với 2021<=x<2022 thì \(x_{\min}=2021\)

=>\(M_{\min}=2\cdot2021-4038=4042-4038=4\) (2)

TH5: x>=2022

=>x-2019>0; x-2020>0; x-2021>=0; x-2022>=0

=>M=x-2019+x-2020+x-2021+x-2022=4x-8082

Vì hàm số M=4x-8082 là hàm số đồng biến trên R

nên M nhỏ nhất khi x nhỏ nhất

Khi x>=2022 thì \(x_{\min}=2022\)

=>\(M_{\min}=4\cdot2022-8082=8088-8082=6\) (3)

Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra \(M_{\min}=4\) khi 2020<=x<=2022

\(\left(1-\frac{1}{2018}\right)\times\left(1-\frac{1}{2019}\right)\times\left(1-\frac{1}{2020}\right)\times\left(1-\frac{1}{2021}\right)\times\left(1-\frac{1}{2022}\right)\)

\(=\frac{2017}{2018}\times\frac{2018}{2019}\times\frac{2019}{2020}\times\frac{2020}{2021}\times\frac{2021}{2022}\)

\(=\frac{2017}{2022}\)

<=> x-2021=0 và y+2022=0

=>x=2021 và y=-2022

Vì \(\left(x-2021\right)^2\ge0,\left(y+2022\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2021\right)^2+\left(y+2022\right)^2\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2021=0\\y+2022=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2021\\y=-2022\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(2021,-2022\right)\)