1: (x+1)(y+2)=5

mà y+2>=2(do y là số tự nhiên)

nên (x+1;y+2)∈(1;5)

=>(x;y)∈(0;3)

2: (x+1)(y+2)=6

mà x+1>=1 và y+2>=2(do x,y là các số tự nhiên)

nên (x+1;y+2)∈{(3;2);(2;3);(1;6)}

=>(x;y)∈{(2;0);(1;1);(0;4)}

3: (x+2)(y+3)=6

mà x+2>=2 và y+3>=3(do x,y là các số tự nhiên)

nên (x+2;y+3)∈{(2;3)}

=>(x;y)∈(0;0)

4: (x-1)(y+3)=6

mà y+3>=3(do y là số tự nhiên)

nên (x-1;y+3)∈{(2;3);(1;6)}

=>(x;y)∈{(3;0);(2;3)}

5: (x-1)(y-3)=5

=>(x-1;y-3)∈{(1;5);(5;1)}

=>(x;y)∈{(4;8);(6;4)}

6: (x-2)(y-1)=3

=>(x-2;y-1)∈{(1;3);(3;1)}

=>(x;y)∈{(3;4);(5;2)}

7: (x-2)(y-1)=5

=>(x-2;y-1)∈{(1;5);(5;1)}

=>(x;y)∈{(3;6);(7;2)}

8: (x-3)(y+1)=7

mà y+1>=1(do y là số tự nhiên)

nên (x-3;y+1)∈{(1;7);(7;1)}

=>(x;y)∈{(4;6);(10;0)}

2: Tọa độ giao điểm là:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=x+1\\y=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}-2=-1\\\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b-2=-1\\4a+3b-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x}=a-\dfrac{1}{y}=b\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{10}{7}\\b=\dfrac{3}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{10}{7}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{10}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{3}{7}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{5}{\left(x+y\right)}=2\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{17}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+5b=2\\3a+b=\dfrac{17}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x}=a-\dfrac{1}{x+y}=b\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=2\\\dfrac{1}{x+y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\Rightarrow y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}=7\\\dfrac{5}{x-1}-\dfrac{2}{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=7\\5a-2b=4\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{x-1}=a-\dfrac{1}{y+1}=b\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-1}=2\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y+1}=3\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=1\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=1\\a+b=2\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=a-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=b\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=1\Rightarrow x=2\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y-1}}=1\Rightarrow y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+x+y+1}+x+\sqrt{y^2+x+y+1}+y=18\left(1\right)\\\sqrt{x^2+x+y+1}-x+\sqrt{y^2+x+y+1}-y=2\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\xrightarrow[\left(1\right)-\left(2\right)]{\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(\sqrt{x^2+x+y+1}+\sqrt{y^2+x+y+1}\right)=20\left(3\right)\\2\left(x+y\right)=16\Rightarrow x=8-y\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Thay (4) vào (3) và thu gọn ta được: \(\left(\sqrt{x^2+9}+\sqrt{y^2+9}\right)=10\left(5\right)\)  

Kết hợp (4) và (5): \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=8-y\\\sqrt{x^2+9}+\sqrt{y^2+9}=10\end{matrix}\right.\) rồi giải nốt :D good luck

Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

\(A\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+\dfrac{4}{x+y}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{4}{1}\right)^2=\dfrac{25}{2}\)

Dấu "=" \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đăng cho vui :))

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