a. 

PT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2x-2\geq 0\\ x^2-2x+4=(2x-2)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ 3x^2-6x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ 3x(x-2)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

b. ĐK: $x\geq 1$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-1)+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{x-1}+1)^2}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow |\sqrt{x-1}+1|=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}+1=2$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}=1$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (tm)

c. 

PT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2x-1\geq 0\\ 2x^2-2x+1=(2x-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{1}{2}\\ 2x^2-2x+1=4x^2-4x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{1}{2}\\ 2x^2-2x=2x(x-1)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\) (tm)

d.

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 4$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-4)+4\sqrt{x-4}+4}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{x-4}+2)^2}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow |\sqrt{x-4}+2|=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-4}+2=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-4}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4$ (tm)

1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 4$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}=5-\sqrt{x-4}$

$\Rightarrow x-1=25+x-4-10\sqrt{x-4}$

$\Leftrightarrow 22=10\sqrt{x-4}$

$\Leftrightarrow 2,2=\sqrt{x-4}$

$\Leftrightarrow 4,84=x-4\Leftrightarrow x=8,84$

(thỏa mãn)

2. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow (2x-2\sqrt{x})-(5\sqrt{x}-5)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)-5(\sqrt{x}-1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-1)(2\sqrt{x}-5)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}-1=0$ hoặc $2\sqrt{x}-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=\frac{25}{4}$ (tm)

3. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 3$

Bình phương 2 vế thu được:

$3x-2+2\sqrt{(2x+1)(x-3)}=4x$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{(2x+1)(x-3)}=x+2$

$\Leftrightarrow 4(2x+1)(x-3)=(x+2)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 4(2x^2-5x-3)=x^2+4x+4$
$\Leftrightarrow 7x^2-24x-16=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(7x+4)=0$

Do $x\geq 3$ nên $x=4$

Thử lại thấy thỏa mãn

Vậy $x=4$

c: ĐKXĐ: x>=1/2

Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt2\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x+2\sqrt{2x-1}}+\sqrt{2x-2\sqrt{2x-1}}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-1+2\cdot\sqrt{2x-1}\cdot1+1}+\sqrt{2x-1-2\sqrt{2x-1}+1}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-1}+1+\left|\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right|=2\)

=>\(\left|\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right|=2-\sqrt{2x-1}-1=-\sqrt{2x-1}+1=-\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right)\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-1}-1\le0\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-1}\le1\)

=>2x-1<=1

=>2x<=2

=>x<=1

=>1/2<=x<=1

d:

ĐKXĐ: x>=-1/4

\(x+\sqrt{x+\frac12+\sqrt{x+\frac14}}=4\)

=>\(x+\sqrt{x+\frac14+2\cdot\sqrt{x+\frac14}\cdot\frac12+\frac14}=4\)

=>\(x+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+\frac14}+\frac12\right)^2}=4\)

=>\(x+\sqrt{x+\frac14}+\frac12=4\)

=>\(x+\frac12+\sqrt{x+\frac14}=4\)

=>\(x+\frac14+2\cdot\sqrt{x+\frac14}\cdot\frac12+\frac14=4\)

=>\(\left(\sqrt{x+\frac14}+\frac12\right)^2=4\)

=>\(\sqrt{x+\frac14}+\frac12=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{x+\frac14}=2-\frac12=\frac32\)

=>\(x+\frac14=\frac94\)

=>x=2(nhận)

Bài 3:

b: ĐKXĐ: \(\begin{cases}1-x^2\ge0\\ x+1\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x^2\le1\\ x\ge-1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=-1\\ x\ge1\end{cases}\)

\(\sqrt{1-x^2}+\sqrt{1+x}=0\)

=>\(\sqrt{1+x}\left(\sqrt{1-x}+1\right)=0\)

=>\(\sqrt{1+x}=0\)

=>x+1=0

=>x=-1(nhận)

c: Sửa đề: \(x+y+4=2\sqrt{x-2}+4\sqrt{y-3}+6\sqrt{z-5}\)

ĐKXĐ: x>=2; y>=3; z>=5

\(x+y+4=2\sqrt{x-2}+4\sqrt{y-3}+6\sqrt{z-5}\)

=>\(x+y+4-2\sqrt{x-2}-4\sqrt{y-3}-6\sqrt{z-5}=0\)

=>\(x-2-2\sqrt{x-2}+1+y-3-4\sqrt{y-3}+4+z-5-6\sqrt{z-5}+9=0\)

=>\(\left(\sqrt{x-2}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-5}-3\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x-2=1\\ y-3=4\\ z-5=9\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=3\\ y=7\\ z=14\end{cases}\) (nhận)

d: \(x^2+2x-\sqrt{x^2+2x+1}-5=0\)

=>\(x^2+2x+1-\sqrt{x^2+2x+1}-6=0\)

=>\(\left(\left|x+1\right|\right)^2-\left|x+1\right|-6=0\)

=>(|x+1|-3)(|x+1|+2)=0

=>|x+1|-3=0

=>|x+1|=3

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x+1=3\\ x+1=-3\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=2\\ x=-4\end{array}\right.\)

Bài 2:

a: DKXĐ: x>=0

\(\sqrt{x+4\sqrt{x}+4}=5x+2\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}=5x+2\)

=>\(5x+2=\sqrt{x}+2\)

=>\(5x-\sqrt{x}=0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}\sqrt{x}=0\\ 5\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}\sqrt{x}=0\\ \sqrt{x}=\frac15\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\ x=\frac{1}{25}\left(nhận\right)\end{array}\right.\)

b: ĐKXĐ: x∈R

\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=4\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2}=4\)

=>|x+2|+|x-1|=4(1)

TH1: x<-2

=>x+2<0; x-1<0

(1) sẽ trở thành: -x-2+1-x=4

=>-2x-1=4

=>-2x=5

=>\(x=-\frac52\) (nhận)

TH2: -2<=x<1

=>x+2>=0; x-1<0

(1) sẽ trở thành: x+2+1-x=4

=>3=4(loại)

TH3: x>=1

=>x+2>0; x-1>=0

(1) sẽ trở thành: x+2+x-1=4

=>2x=3

=>x=3/2(nhận)

c: ĐKXĐ: x>=1

\(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}+1+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\)

=>\(\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2-\sqrt{x-1}-1=1-\sqrt{x-1}\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}-1\le0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}\le1\)

=>x-1<=1

=>x<=2

=>1<=x<=2

\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)

\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)

5: ĐKXĐ: \(\frac{x+3}{x-7}>0\)

=>x>7 hoặc x<-3

Ta có: \(\left(x-7\right)\cdot\sqrt{\frac{x+3}{x-7}}=x+4\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-7\right)}=x+4\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x+4\ge0\\ \left(x+3\right)\left(x-7\right)=\left(x+4\right)^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x\ge-4\\ x^2-4x-21=x^2+8x+16\end{cases}\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x\ge-4\\ -12x=37\end{cases}\Rightarrow x=-\frac{37}{12}\) (nhận)

6: ĐKXĐ: x>=4

Ta có: \(2\sqrt{x-4}+\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{4x-16}\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x-4}+\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{2x-3}+2\sqrt{x-4}\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-3}=\sqrt{x-1}\)

=>2x-3=x-1

=>2x-x=-1+3

=>x=2(loại)

7: ĐKXĐ: x>=1

Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1+2\cdot\sqrt{x-1}+1}+\sqrt{x-1-2\cdot\sqrt{x-1}\cdot1+1}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}+1+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=\frac{x+3}{2}\) (1)

TH1: \(\sqrt{x-1}-1\ge0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}\ge1\)

=>x-1>=1

=>x>=2

(1) sẽ trở thành: \(\sqrt{x-1}+1+\sqrt{x-1}-1=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(4\sqrt{x-1}=x+3\)

=>\(16\left(x-1\right)=\left(x+3\right)^2\)

=>\(x^2+6x+9=16x-16\)

=>\(x^2-10x+25=0\)

=>\(\left(x-5\right)^2=0\)

=>x-5=0

=>x=5(nhận)

TH2: \(\sqrt{x-1}-1<0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-1}<1\)

=>0<=x-1<1

=>1<=x<2

(1) sẽ trở thành: \(\sqrt{x-1}+1+1-\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)

=>\(\frac{x+3}{2}=2\)

=>x+3=4

=>x=1(nhận)

a/ \(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\dfrac{\dfrac{x\sqrt{x^2+1}}{x}-\dfrac{2x}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{2x^3}{x^3}-\dfrac{2x}{x^3}}+\dfrac{1}{x}}=0\)

b/ \(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\dfrac{\dfrac{8x^7}{x^7}}{\dfrac{\left(-2x^7\right)}{x^7}}=-\dfrac{8}{2^7}\)

c/ \(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{4x^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{x}{x^2}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{8x^3}{x^3}+\dfrac{x}{x^3}-\dfrac{1}{x^3}}}{\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{x^4}{x^4}+\dfrac{3}{x^4}}}=\dfrac{2+2}{1}=4\)

1) Ta có: \(\left|x^2-4x-5\right|=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-5=x-1\left(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>5\\x< -1\end{matrix}\right.\right)\\-x^2+4x+5=x-1\left(-1< x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-5-x+1=0\\-x^2+4x+5-x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x-4=0\\-x^2+3x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{41}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{41}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{41}}{2}\\x-\dfrac{5}{2}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{41}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{41}+5}{2}\left(nhận\right)\\x=\dfrac{-\sqrt{41}+5}{2}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{\sqrt{41}+5}{2}\right\}\)

e: ĐKXĐ: 2<=x<=4

Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4-x}=2x^2-5x-1\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-2}-1+\sqrt{4-x}-1=2x^2-5x-3\)

=>\(\frac{x-2-1}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\frac{4-x-1}{\sqrt{4-x}+1}=2x^2-6x+x-3\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4-x}+1}\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4-x}+1}-2x-1\right)=0\)

=>x-3=0

=>x=3(nhận)