\(x(3 - xy - xz) + y + 6z \le 5xz(y + z) \quad (1)\)

=>\(3x - x^2 y - x^2 z + y + 6z \le 5xyz + 5xz^2\)

=>\(3x+y+6z\le x^2y+x^2z+5xyz+5xz^2\)

=>\(3x+y+6z\le x^2(y+z)+5xz(y+z)\)

=>\(3x+y+6z\le x(y+z)(x+5z)\quad(2)\)

P=3x+y+6z

=>P<=x(y+z)(x+5z)

y+6z=P-3x

=>y+z=(P-3x)-5z

(2)=>\(P \le x(P - 3x - 5z)(x + 5z)\)

Theo AM-GM, ta có: \((P - 3x - 5z)(x + 5z) \le \left[ \frac{(P - 3x - 5z) + (x + 5z)}{2} \right]^2 = \left( \frac{P - 2x}{2} \right)^2\)

=>\(P \le x \cdot \left( \frac{P - 2x}{2} \right)^2 = \frac{x(P - 2x)^2}{4}\)

=>\(4P\le x(P^2-4Px+4x^2)\)

=>\(4P\le P^2x-4Px^2+4x^3\)

=>\(P^2x-4Px^2-4P+4x^3\ge0\)

=>\(P^2 - 4P \left(x + \frac{1}{x}\right) + 4x^2 \ge 0 \quad (3)\)

Theo Cosi, ta có: \(x + \frac{1}{x} \ge 2\sqrt{x \cdot \frac{1}{x}} = 2\)

=>\(-4P\left(x + \frac{1}{x}\right) \le -4P \cdot 2 = -8P\)

(3)=>\(P^2 - 8P + 4x^2 \ge P^2 - 4P \left(x + \frac{1}{x}\right) + 4x^2 \ge 0\)

Chọn điểm rơi x=1, ta sẽ có phương trình: \(P^2 - 8P + 4 \ge 0\)

=>\(P^2-8P+16\ge12\)

=>\(\left(P-4\right)^2\ge12\)

=>\(P-4\ge2\sqrt3\)

=>\(P\ge4+2\sqrt3\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{1}{x};P-3x-5z=x+5z\) và y=P-3x-6z

=>x=1; P-4x=10z và y=P-3x-6z

=>x=1; \(10z=(4+2\sqrt{3})-4=2\sqrt{3}\) và y=P-3x-6z

=>x=1; \(z=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{5}\) và y=P-3x-6z

=>\(x=1;y=1+\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{5};z=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{5}\)

Có cách khác nè:

P=x4(x−1)3+y4(y−1)3≥2√x4y4(x−1)3(y−1)3x4(x−1)3+y4(y−1)3≥2x4y4(x−1)3(y−1)3

⇒P≥2x2y2√(x−1)3(y−1)3=2.x2x−1.y2y−1.1√(x−1)(y−1)⇒P≥2x2y2(x−1)3(y−1)3=2.x2x−1.y2y−1.1(x−1)(y−1)

Ta dễ dàng chứng minh được a2a−1≥4a2a−1≥4

⇒P≥2.4.4.1√(x−1)(y−1)≥32.1x−1+y−12≥32⇒P≥2.4.4.1(x−1)(y−1)≥32.1x−1+y−12≥32

Dấu "=" khi x=y=2

x4(x−1)3+16(x−1)≥8.x2(x−1)x4(x−1)3+16(x−1)≥8.x2(x−1)

Tương tự và cộng hai BĐT lại : 

p+16(x−1)+16(y−1)≥8.(x2x−1+y2y−1)p+16(x−1)+16(y−1)≥8.(x2x−1+y2y−1)

Ta xét A=x2x−1+y2y−1A=x2x−1+y2y−1

Đặt x - 1 = a và y - 1 = b, ta có A=(a+1)2a+(b+1)2b=a+2+1a+b+2+1b≥(a+b)+4a+b+4≥2√4+4=8⇒A≥8A=(a+1)2a+(b+1)2b=a+2+1a+b+2+1b≥(a+b)+4a+b+4≥24+4=8⇒A≥8

Do đó P≥8A−16(x+y)+32≥8.8−16.4+32=32P≥8A−16(x+y)+32≥8.8−16.4+32=32

Min P = 32 <=> x = y = 2 

Ta có \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\). Áp dụng cho biểu thức A, suy ra \(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Ta tìm GTNN của \(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\). Ta có 

\(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{16x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{16y^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+2\)

\(P\ge2\sqrt{x^2.\dfrac{1}{16x^2}}+2\sqrt{y^2.\dfrac{1}{16y^2}}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\right)+2\)

    \(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4^2}{2}\right)+2\) \(=\dfrac{21}{2}\). Do đó \(P\ge\dfrac{21}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Vậy GTNN của A là \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\), ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Gợi ý: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^4\)

1)

\(2x^2-2xy+5y^2-2x-2y+1=0.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy-2x-2y\right)+\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(2y-x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\2y-x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\2y-x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=\frac{1}{3}\\x=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}}}\)

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