Bài 5.

1. Chứng minh

$\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}$

Ta có:

$\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}$

$=\dfrac{2b(a+b)+a(a+b)-4ab}{ab(a+b)}$

$=\dfrac{a^2-ab+2b^2}{ab(a+b)}$

$=\dfrac{(a-b)^2+b^2}{ab(a+b)}\ge0$

Vậy: $\boxed{\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}}$

2. Chứng minh

$\dfrac1a+\dfrac1b+\dfrac1c\ge\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}$

Vì $a,b,c>0$ nên:

$\dfrac1a+\dfrac1b+\dfrac1c>\dfrac1a$

Mà: $\dfrac1a>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}$

Suy ra: $\boxed{\dfrac1a+\dfrac1b+\dfrac1c\ge\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}}$

1.

$a^3+b^4-ab(a+b)$

$=a^3+b^4-a^2b-ab^2$

$=a^2(a-b)+b^2(b-a)$

$=(a-b)(a^2-b^2)$

$=(a-b)^2(a+b)\ge0$

Suy ra: $\boxed{a^3+b^4\ge ab(a+b)}$

2.

$a^4+b^4-ab(a^2+b^2)$

$=a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3$

$=a^3(a-b)+b^3(b-a)$

$=(a-b)(a^3-b^3)$

$=(a-b)^2(a^2+ab+b^2)\ge0$

Vậy: $\boxed{a^4+b^4\ge ab(a^2+b^2)}$

3.

$a^5+b^5-ab(a^3+b^3)$

$=a^5+b^5-a^4b-ab^4$

$=a^4(a-b)+b^4(b-a)$

$=(a-b)(a^4-b^4)$

$=(a-b)^2(a+b)(a^2+b^2)\ge0$

Vậy: $\boxed{a^5+b^5\ge ab(a^3+b^3)}$

\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+1+1}=\frac{4}{3}\)

1 dòng :)

Ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{a+b+2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{3}{ab+2}\left(1\right)\)

Mà \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(1\ge2\sqrt{ab}\right)\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\)

Thay vào \(\left(1\right)\) ta được:

\(\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{1}{4}+2}=\frac{3}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{4}{3}\)

Hay \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\) (Đpcm)

Ta biến đổi 1 tí nhé

\(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)

Tới đây dễ dàng áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{4}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}\le\frac{3}{4}.\frac{1}{a}+\frac{3}{4}.\frac{1}{b}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{c}\left(2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{c}\left(3\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế của (1), (2), (3) suy ra 

\(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{a}+\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{5}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{b}+\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow Dpcm\)