ĐKXĐ: \(x;y\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-2\right)+\left(y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{1}{x}=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{y}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\y^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(\pm1;\pm1\right)\)

tại sao lại lấy \(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-2\)\(+y^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-2\) ạ?

Ta thấy \(2x^2< 4\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2< 2\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=1\) (do \(x\ne0\))

Thế vào pt đề bài, ta có \(3+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y^2}{4}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=\pm2\)

Vậy, các cặp số (x; y) thỏa ycbt là \(\left(1;2\right);\left(-1;-2\right);\left(1;-2\right);\left(-1;2\right)\)

a

\(2x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\left(1\right)\)

Theo Bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho các cặp số \(\left(x^2;\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right);\left(x^2;\dfrac{y^2}{4}\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\ge2\\x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge2.\dfrac{1}{2}xy\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\ge2\\x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge2+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\ge2+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy\le2\left(x;y\inℤ\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow Max\left(xy\right)=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi

\(xy\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-2\right);\left(1;2\right);\left(-2;-1\right);\left(2;1\right)\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề bài

hình như dấu "=" xảy ra khi x^2 = 1/x^2 với x^2 = y^2/4 mà bạn nhỉ

Ta có: \(\vert{}x^2 - 2x\vert{} - \frac{1}{2} < 2 - \vert{}x - 1\vert{}\)

=>\(\vert{}(x - 1)^2 - 1\vert{} + \vert{}x - 1\vert{} < \frac{5}{2}\) (1)

Đặt \(t = \vert{}x - 1\vert{} \ge 0\)

(1) =>\(\vert{}t^2 - 1\vert{} + t < \frac{5}{2}\)

Khi t=0 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|0^2-1\right|+0=1\) <5/2(nhận)

Khi t=1 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|1^2-1\right|+1=1<\frac52\) (nhận)

Khi t=2 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|2^2-1\right|+2=2^2-1+2=4-1+2=6-1=5>\frac52\)

=>Loại

Khi t>2 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t\ge5>\frac52\)

=>Loại

Vậy: t=0 hoặc t=1

t=0

=>x-1=0

=>x=1

\(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|1^2-2\cdot1\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|1-2\right|-\frac12

=>1/2<y<2

mà y nguyên

nên y=1

t=1

=>|x-1|=1

=>x-1=1 hoặc x-1=-1

=>x=2 hoặc x=0

Khi x=2 thì \(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|2^2-2\cdot2\right|-\frac12

=>\(-\frac12

mà y nguyên

nên y=0

Khi x=0 thì \(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|0^2-2\cdot0\right|-\frac12

=>\(-\frac12

mà y nguyên

nên y=0

Ta có \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\). Áp dụng cho biểu thức A, suy ra \(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Ta tìm GTNN của \(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\). Ta có 

\(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{16x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{16y^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+2\)

\(P\ge2\sqrt{x^2.\dfrac{1}{16x^2}}+2\sqrt{y^2.\dfrac{1}{16y^2}}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\right)+2\)

    \(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4^2}{2}\right)+2\) \(=\dfrac{21}{2}\). Do đó \(P\ge\dfrac{21}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Vậy GTNN của A là \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\), ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Gợi ý: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^4\)

Ta có \(2=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\Leftrightarrow xy\ge1\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^4+y^2+2xy^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^4+2x^2y}\\ \le\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt[4]{x^6y^6}}+\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt[4]{x^6y^6}}=\dfrac{1}{4xy}+\dfrac{1}{4xy}\\ \le\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)

Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

$\text{VT}(1^2+1^2+1^2)\geq (1+\frac{x}{y+z}+1+\frac{y}{x+z}+1+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 3\text{VT}\geq (3+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$

$ = \left[3+\frac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\frac{y^2}{yz+yx}+\frac{z^2}{zy+zx}\right]^2$

$\geq \left[3+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2$

$\geq \left[3+\frac{3(xy+yz+xz)}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2=\frac{81}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{27}{4}$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z>0$

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

VT(12+12+12)≥(1+��+�+1+��+�+1+��+�)2VT(12+12+12)≥(1+y+zx​+1+x+zy​+1+x+yz​)2

⇔3VT≥(3+��+�+��+�+��+�)2⇔3VT≥(3+y+zx​+x+zy​+x+yz​)2

=[3+�2��+��+�2��+��+�2��+��]2=[3+xy+xzx2​+yz+yxy2