1: xy+x+y+1=0

=>x(y+1)+(y+1)=0

=>(x+1)(y+1)=0

=>\(\begin{cases}x+1=0\\ y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=-1\\ y=-1\end{cases}\)

2: xy+x+6=0

=>x(y+1)=-6

=>(x;y+1)∈{(1;-6);(-6;1);(-1;6);(6;-1);(2;-3);(-3;2);(-2;3);(3;-2)}

=>(x;y)∈{(1;-7);(-6;0);(-1;5);(6;-2);(2;-4);(-3;1);(-2;2);(3;-3)}

3: -xy-x-y-1=0

=>xy+x+y+1=0

=>x(y+1)+(y+1)=0

=>(x+1)(y+1)=0

=>\(\begin{cases}x+1=0\\ y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=-1\\ y=-1\end{cases}\)

4: xy-x-y+1=0

=>x(y-1)-(y-1)=0

=>(x-1)(y-1)=0

=>\(\begin{cases}x-1=0\\ y-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=1\\ y=1\end{cases}\)

5: xy+2x+y+11=0

=>x(y+2)+y+2+9=0

=>x(y+2)+(y+2)=-9

=>(x+1)(y+2)=-9

=>(x+1;y+2)∈{(1;-9);(-9;1);(-1;9);(9;-1);(3;-3);(-3;3)}

=>(x;y)∈{(0;-11);(-10;-1);(-2;7);(8;-3);(2;-5);(-4;1)}

6: ĐKXĐ: x<>0

\(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{y}{4}=\frac18\)

=>\(\frac{20+xy}{4x}=\frac18\)

=>\(\frac{40+2xy}{8x}=\frac{x}{8x}\)

=>40+2xy=x

=>x-2xy=40

=>x(1-2y)=40

=>x(2y-1)=-40

mà 2y-1 lẻ(do y nguyên)

nên (x;2y-1)∈{(-40;1);(40;-1);(8;-5);(-8;5)}

=>(x;2y)∈{(-40;2);(40;0);(8;-4);(-8;6)}

=>(x;y)∈{(-40;1);(40;0);(8;-2);(-8;3)}

8: (x+2)(y-3)=-3

=>(x+2;y-3)∈{(1;-3);(-3;1);(-1;3);(3;-1)}

=>(x;y)∈{(-1;0);(-5;4);(-3;6);(1;2)}

x=-1,y=-3,5

Bài Làm

a) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(x=2k;y=5k\)

Mà \(xy\) \(=90\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(2k.5k=90\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2.10=90\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(k^2=9\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\pm3\)

TH1: Với \(k=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.3=6\\y=5.3=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: Với \(k=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\left(-3\right)=-6\\y=5.\left(-3\right)=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có:

\(\left(x+20\right)^{100}\ge0\) \(\forall\) \(x\)

\(|y+4|\ge0\) \(\forall\) \(y\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+20\right)^{100}+|y+4|=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+20\right)^{100}=0\\|y+4|=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+20=0\\y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-20\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x=-20\) và \(y=-4\)

Giải:

\(x-5\sqrt{x}\) = 0 (\(x\) ≥ 0)

\(\sqrt{x}\) .(\(\sqrt{x}\) - 5) = 0

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}\sqrt{x}=0\\ \sqrt{x}-5=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ \sqrt{x}=5\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=25\end{array}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\) {0; 25}

\(x^5\) = 2\(x^7\)

\(x^5\) - 2\(x^7\) = 0

\(x^5\).(1 - 2\(x^2\)) = 0

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x^5=0\\ 1-2x^2=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ 2x^2=1\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x^2=\frac12\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=\pm\sqrt{\frac12}\end{array}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\) ∈ {- \(\sqrt{\frac12}\); 0; \(\sqrt{\frac12}\)}

Giải:

\(x-5\sqrt{x}\) = 0 (\(x\) ≥ 0)

\(\sqrt{x}\) .(\(\sqrt{x}\) - 5) = 0

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}\sqrt{x}=0\\ \sqrt{x}-5=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ \sqrt{x}=5\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=25\end{array}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\) {0; 25}

\(x^5\) = 2\(x^7\)

\(x^5\) - 2\(x^7\) = 0

\(x^5\).(1 - 2\(x^2\)) = 0

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x^5=0\\ 1-2x^2=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ 2x^2=1\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x^2=\frac12\end{array}\right.\)

\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=-\frac{1}{\sqrt2}\\ x=\frac{1}{\sqrt2}\end{array}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\) \(\in\) {- \(\frac{1}{\sqrt2}\); 0; \(\frac{1}{\sqrt2}\)}

xy + 2x - y = 5

<=> x(y + 2) - y - 2 = 5 - 2

<=> x(y + 2) - (y + 2) = 3

<=> (y + 2)(x - 1) = 3

=> y + 2 và x - 1 là ước của 3

=> Ư(3) = { - 3 ; - 1 ; 1 ; 3 }

Nếu x - 1 = - 3 thì y + 2 = - 1 => x = - 2 thì y = - 3

Nếu x - 1 = - 1 thì y + 2 = - 3 => x = 0 thì y = - 5

Nếu x - 1 = 1 thì y + 2 = 3 => x = 2 thì y = 1

Nếu x - 1 = 3 thì y + 2 = 1 => x = 4 thì y = - 1

Vậy ( x;y ) = { ( - 2;- 3 ) ; ( 0 ; - 5 ) ; ( 2 ; 1 ) ; (4 ; - 1 ) }