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a) Ta có: \(\frac{x+1}{2x+6}+\frac{2x+3}{x^2+3x}\)
\(=\frac{x+1}{2\left(x+3\right)}+\frac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}+\frac{2\cdot\left(2x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+x+4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+5x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2x+3x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{x+2}{2x}\)
b) Ta có: \(\frac{3}{2x+6}-\frac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2x+6}-\frac{x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x}{x\left(2x+6\right)}-\frac{x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x-x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\frac{2x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\frac{1}{x}\)
c) Ta có: \(\frac{5x+10}{4x-8}\cdot\frac{4-2x}{x+2}\)
\(=\frac{5\left(x+2\right)\cdot2\cdot\left(2-x\right)}{4\cdot\left(x-2\right)\cdot\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{5\cdot2\cdot\left(2-x\right)}{-4\left(2-x\right)}=\frac{5\cdot2}{-4}=\frac{-5}{2}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{1-4x^2}{x^2+4x}:\frac{2-4x}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\cdot3x}{x\left(x+4\right)\cdot2\left(2-x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\cdot3}{2\left(x+4\right)\cdot\left(2-x\right)}=\frac{3\left(1-4x^2\right)}{2\left(-x^2-2x+8\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3-12x^2}{-2x^2-4x+16}\)
a) \(\frac{x+1}{2x+6}+\frac{2x+3}{x^2+3x}\)
\(=\frac{x+1}{2\left(x+3\right)}+\frac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\) \(\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne-3;x\ne0\right)\)
\(=\frac{x^2+x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}+\frac{4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2x+3x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{x+2}{2x}\)
b) \(\frac{3}{2x+6}-\frac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}=\frac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) \(\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne0;x\ne-3\right)\)
\(=\frac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{1}{x}\)
c) \(\frac{5x+10}{4x-8}.\frac{4-2x}{x+2}=\frac{5\left(x+2\right)}{4\left(x-2\right)}.\frac{2\left(2-x\right)}{x+2}\) \(\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne\pm2\right)\)
\(=\frac{-5\left(x-2\right)}{2\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{-5}{2}\)
1/ \(\frac{x-3}{3xy}\)+\(\frac{5x+3}{3xy}\)= \(\frac{6x}{3xy}\)=\(\frac{3}{y}\)
2/\(\frac{5x-7}{2x-3}\)+\(\frac{4-3x}{2x-3}\)=\(\frac{2x-3}{2x-3}\)=1
3/\(\frac{11x-7}{3-5x}\)-\(\frac{6x+4}{5x-3}\)=\(\frac{11x-7}{3-5x}\)+\(\frac{6x+4}{3-5x}\)=\(\frac{17x-3}{3-5x}\)
4/\(\frac{3}{2x+6}\)-\(\frac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)=\(\frac{3x}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)-\(\frac{x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)=\(\frac{2x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)
5/\(\frac{1}{2x-10}\)+\(\frac{2x}{3x^2-15x}\)=\(\frac{1}{2\left(x-5\right)}\)+\(\frac{2x}{3x\left(x-5\right)}\)=\(\frac{3x}{6x \left(x-5\right)}\)+\(\frac{4x}{6x\left(x-5\right)}\)
=\(\frac{7x}{6x\left(x-5\right)}\)=\(\frac{7}{6\left(x-5\right)}\)
Bài 2: \(a,\frac{7x-1}{2x^2+6x}=\frac{7x-1}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(7x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\frac{5-3x}{x^2-9}=\frac{5-3x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(5-3x\right)2x}{2x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(b,\frac{x+1}{x-x^2}=\frac{x+1}{x\left(1-x\right)}=-\frac{x+1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=-\frac{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{x+2}{2-4x+2x^2}=\frac{x+2}{2\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{2x\left(x+2\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(c,\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{x^3-1}=\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{6}{x-1}=\frac{6\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(d,\frac{7}{5x}=\frac{7.2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{4}{x-2y}=-\frac{4}{2y-x}=-\frac{4.2.5x\left(2x+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{x-y}{8y^2-2x^2}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(4y^2-x^2\right)}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}=\frac{5x\left(x-y\right)}{2.5x.\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(a,\frac{3}{2x+6}-\frac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\) (x khác -3; khác 0)
\(=\frac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{x-6}{2x.\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{3x}{2x.\left(x+3\right)}-\frac{x-6}{2x.\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{3x-x+6}{2x.\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2x+6}{x.\left(2x+6\right)}=\frac{1}{x}\)
\(b,\left(\frac{2x+1}{2x-1}-\frac{2x-1}{2x+1}\right):\frac{4x}{10x-5}\) (x khác 0 , khác 1/2 khác -1/2 )
\(=\left(\frac{\left(2x+1\right)^2}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}-\frac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\right).\frac{10x-5}{4x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4x^2+4x+1}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}-\frac{4x^2-4x+1}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\right).\frac{10x-5}{4x}\)
\(=\frac{8x}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}.\frac{5.\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}=\frac{10}{2x+1}\)
a/ \(7x-5=13-5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x+5x=13+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b/\(5\left(2x-3\right)-4\left(5x-7\right)=19-2\left(x+11\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-15-20x+28=19-2x-22\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-20x+2x=19-22-28+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
c/ \(\frac{2x-1}{3}-\frac{5x+2}{7}=x+13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(5x+2\right)-21\left(x+13\right)}{21}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x-7-15x-6-21x-273=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-22x-286=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-13\)
e/ \(\frac{2}{x+1}-\frac{1}{x-2}=\frac{3x-11}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{x+1}-\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{3x-11}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(3x-11\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(x^2+3x+2\right)-\left(3x^2-17x+22\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8-x^2-3x-2-3x^2+17x-22=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+14x-32=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-\left(-7\right)\pm\sqrt{\left(-7\right)^2-4.1.16}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7\pm\sqrt{-15}}{2}\left(ktm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
Bài 1:
a) \(7x-5=13-5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x+5x=13+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=18:12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập hợp nghiệm là: \(S=\left\{\frac{3}{2}\right\}.\)
b) \(5.\left(2x-3\right)-4.\left(5x-7\right)=19-2.\left(x+11\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-15-\left(20x-28\right)=19-\left(2x+22\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-15-20x+28=19-2x-22\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13-10x=-3-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13+3=-2x+10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16=8x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=16:8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập hợp nghiệm là: \(S=\left\{2\right\}.\)
c) \(\frac{2x-1}{3}-\frac{5x+2}{7}=x+13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7.\left(2x-1\right)}{7.3}-\frac{3.\left(5x+2\right)}{3.7}=\frac{21.\left(x+13\right)}{21}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{14x-7}{21}-\frac{15x+6}{21}=\frac{21x+273}{21}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x-7-\left(15x+6\right)=21x+273\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x-7-15x-6=21x+273\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-13=21x+273\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-21x=273+13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-22x=286\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=286:\left(-22\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-13.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập hợp nghiệm là: \(S=\left\{-13\right\}.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
\(\frac{a}{2x^2-x-1}-\frac{2}{-x^2+4x-3}+\frac{3-6x}{2x^3-7x^2+2x+3}=\frac{b}{2x^2-5x-3}\)
=>\(\frac{a}{2x^2-2x+x-1}+\frac{2}{x^2-4x+3}+\frac{3-6x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{b}{2x^2-6x+x-3}\)
=>\(\frac{a}{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{3-6x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{b}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
=>\(\frac{a\left(x-3\right)+2\left(2x+1\right)+3-6x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\frac{b\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
=>ax-3a+4x+2+3-6x=bx-b
=>x(a+4-6)-3a+5=bx-b
=>x(a-2)-bx=-b+3a+5
=>x(a-2-b)=3a-b+5
=>\(\begin{cases}a-2-b=0\\ 3a-b+5=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a=b+2\\ 3a=b-5\end{cases}\)
=>\(\begin{cases}3a=3b+6\\ 3a=b-5\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}3b+6=b-5\\ a=b+2\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}2b=-11\\ a=b+2\end{cases}\)
=>\(\begin{cases}b=-\frac{11}{2}\\ a=-\frac{11}{2}+2=-\frac72\end{cases}\)
✅ Bước 1: Phân tích mẫu thức
Ta sẽ phân tích các mẫu để tìm cách quy đồng và so sánh biểu thức hai vế:
✅ Bước 2: Viết lại biểu thức theo dạng dễ nhìn hơn
\(\frac{a}{\left(\right. 2 x + 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)} - \frac{1}{- \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x - 3 \left.\right)} + \frac{2 x^{3} - 7 x^{2} + 2 x + 3}{- 3 \left(\right. 2 x - 1 \left.\right)} = \frac{b}{\left(\right. 2 x + 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x - 3 \left.\right)}\)
✅ Bước 3: Ý tưởng giải
Biểu thức vế trái gồm 3 phân thức, vế phải là 1 phân thức. Để hai vế bằng nhau với mọi \(x\) thì chúng phải bằng nhau sau khi quy đồng hoặc ta có thể chọn giá trị \(x\) hợp lý để tạo hệ phương trình tìm a, b.
✅ Bước 4: Thay giá trị x để tìm a và b
📌 Chọn \(x = 1\):
Thay \(x = 1\):
Vế phải:
=> Ta có phương trình:
\(0 = - \frac{b}{6} \Rightarrow b = 0\)
✅ Bước 5: Tìm a bằng cách thay giá trị khác
📌 Chọn \(x = 3\):
Tại \(x = 3\), mẫu số thứ 2 là 0 → không dùng được.
📌 Chọn \(x = 0\):
Tính từng phần:
Tử: \(2 x^{3} - 7 x^{2} + 2 x + 3 = 0 - 0 + 0 + 3 = 3\)
Mẫu: \(- 3 \left(\right. 2 x - 1 \left.\right) = - 3 \left(\right. - 1 \left.\right) = 3\) → \(\frac{3}{3} = 1\)
Vế trái:
\(- a - \frac{1}{3} + 1 = \frac{2}{3} - a\)
Vế phải:
Ta có:
\(\frac{2}{3} - a = 0 \Rightarrow a = \frac{2}{3}\)
✅ Kết luận:
\(\boxed{a = \frac{2}{3} , b = 0}\)