Read the examples and choose the correct answers.

e.g.:

Because we forget to turn off the lights at home, we waste energy.

→ Forgetting to turn off the lights at home, we waste energy.

While they planted trees along the road, they discussed ways to fight pollution.

→ Planting trees along the road, they discussed ways to fight pollution.

_______

1. The participle and the verb in the main clause have the samethe different subject.

2. The present participle has a(n) passiveactive meaning.

Read the examples and match the present participle clauses with their suitable functions.

1. Because we forget to turn off the lights at home, we waste energy.

→ Forgetting to turn off the lights at home, we waste energy.

2. While they planted trees along the road, they discussed ways to fight pollution.

→ Planting trees along the road, they discussed ways to fight pollution.

3. People burn oil for factories, so they make the air dirty and unhealthy.

→ People burn oil for factories, making the air dirty and unhealthy.

4. The engineer who designed the solar farm received an environmental award.

→ The engineer designing the solar farm received an environmental award.

Read the examples and match the past participle clauses with their suitable functions.

1. Many villagers were frightened by rising sea levels, so they moved to higher ground.

→ Frightened by rising sea levels, many villagers moved to higher ground.

2. If plastics are thrown into the oceans, they harm marine life and pollute water.

→ Thrown into the oceans, plastics harm marine life and pollute water.

3. The new houses, which are powered by solar panels, produce clean energy for families.

→ Powered by solar panels, the new houses produce clean energy for families.

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

_____________ to reduce waste, the family started separating recyclables at home.

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

_____________ plastic bottles too much, we create waste that harms rivers and oceans.

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

People have burned coal for centuries, _____________ large amounts of greenhouse gases.

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

_____________ in large amounts, meat will contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

_____________ to the market, they noticed the streets were full of smoke