PULSEFIT: YOUR FITNESS COMPANION

PulseFit is not just a standard fitness app; it brings a unique coaching method developed by athletes worldwide.

Our certified experts ensure that (1) __________ registered user receives a customised plan designed for their specific needs. This makes it (2) __________ than one-size-fits-all routines found elsewhere. (3) __________, premium members will gain exclusive 24/7 access to expert nutritionists and trainers.

Have you ever felt discouraged by fitness goals? Actually, purchasing a membership will cut no (4) __________ unless you have motivation and discipline. That is why we have created a supportive community of gym lovers who want to transform their bodies, just (5) __________ you. With PulseFit, you will never be alone on your personal (6) __________ to wellness.

Don't miss out. Download the app and join us today!

An affluent family, grown over the generations to include thousands of relatives, owned the entirety of stock in the country. Each year, they took the profits yielded from their investment: all the earnings growth that those thousands of corporations generated and all the dividends that they distributed. The paces at which each family member's wealth grew were identical, (1) __________. For the decades, their investment had compounded, creating tremendous wealth, because the family was playing a winner's game.

After a while, however, some fast-talking advisors come over to convince some "smart" cousins (2) __________. These advisors talk the cousins into selling some of their shares in the companies to other family members and (3) __________. The transactions are handled by the advisors who receive commissions for their services as brokers. Therefore, there is a rearrangement in the ownership among the family members.

(4) __________. The reason is that the return is now consumed in part by the advisors, and the family's share of the generous pie that the industry of that country bakes each year - all those dividends paid, all those earnings reinvested in the business - 100% initially, starts to fall, just because some of the return is now taken by the advisors.

Worse still, while the family had always paid taxes on their dividends, some of the members are now also paying taxes on the capital gains they realise from their stock-swapping back and forth, (5) __________.

(Adapted from The Little Book of Common Sense Investing)

OAKWOOD COMMUNITY GARDEN

The Oakwood Council is delighted to announce the official opening of our community garden.

We would like to send a big thank you to dedicated volunteers. If it had not been for their support, the place (1) __________ a forgotten bus depot.

To turn the garden into a thriving community space, from next week:

- we will get expert gardeners (2) __________ residents how to grow organic vegetables,

- weekend clean-up and planting (3) __________ will be held for local children,

- gardening workshops will be (4) __________ up to connect nature lovers across the neighbourhood.

No gardening experience is required – just a willingness to learn. We will (5) __________ participants with necessary tools.

Your participation is key to making this vision a (6) __________. Let's grow a greener future together!

When Australia's ban on social media accounts for anyone under sixteen took effect, the numbers looked, at first glance, like an unambiguous success. Within weeks, the platforms it targeted stripped access from some 4.7 million underage accounts, a scale of compliance no other country had attempted.

Beneath that headline figure, however, lies a messier picture. A study conducted three months into that ban found that around eight out of ten Australian teenagers under sixteen were still accessing platforms they were ostensibly excluded from. Verifying users' age, it turns out, is remarkably easy to bypass: close to one in five underage users simply fabricated a profile, and roughly one in ten used private browsing to evade detection. Most encountered some kind of age check, usually just a birthdate typed in or a selfie submitted, and overcame it with minimal effort.

Opponents have seized on these troubling revelations. Some have labelled the law a cosmetic solution, arguing that it merely drives adolescent activity underground rather than addressing the engagement-driven design that captivates young users. Others have also mounted a narrower objection, contending that the legislation is overbroad, infringes on privacy and free speech, and wrongly conflates a discussion forum with a conventional social network.

Australian authorities' response has been to tighten the regulation rather than reconsider their approach: regulators have doubled the maximum fine and threatened to take legal action against five platforms accused of engineering their own noncompliance. Whether firmer penalties can succeed where age verification alone has failed remains an open question. Officials in other countries, also weighing similar measures, are watching the outcome closely, aware that a failure here could just as easily doom their own proposals.

(Adapted from https://www.brookings.edu)

Res nullius (a Latin term meaning “nobody's thing”) resources, those to which no individual or group has the legal power to restrict access, can be exploited on a first-come, first-served basis. Such open-access resources have given rise to a widely recognised phenomenon regarding the depletion of shared assets.

The problems created by open-access resources can be illustrated by the fate of the American bison. In the early history of North America, bison were plentiful; unrestricted access by hunters was not a problem. Frontier people who needed hides or meat could easily get whatever they needed; the aggressiveness of any one hunter did not affect the time and effort expended by others. In the absence of scarcity, efficiency was not threatened by open access. [I]

As the years slipped by, however, the demand for bison increased and scarcity became a concern. As the number of hunters grew, every additional unit of hunting activity increased the time and effort required to produce a given yield. With several hunters sharing nonexclusive property rights to the animals, the resulting allocation was not efficient. [II] Without exclusive rights, individuals could exploit the resource until profits were driven down to zero.

Why does this happen? Unlimited access destroys the incentive to conserve. An individual hunter who could preclude others from hunting a stock would have every reason to keep the herd at an efficient level, because the benefits of restraint would return in the form of lower costs and larger yields tomorrow. An individual hunter exploiting a common resource, on the other hand, has no such incentive: any benefit derived from personal restraint is captured, at least in part, by other hunters. [III] Restraint becomes an act of charity toward strangers.

Two lessons emerge. First, in the presence of sufficient demand, unrestricted access will cause common resources to be overexploited. Second, the scarcity rent, the value that arises from the resource's very rareness, is dissipated; no one appropriates it, so it is lost. [IV] What everyone owns, in effect, no one protects; and what no one protects tends, sooner or later, to disappear.

(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)