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Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\frac{b(2k+5)}{b(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\\ \frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\frac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\frac{d(2k+5)}{d(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2+b^2}{(dk)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2+1)}{d^2(k^2+1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}(=\frac{b^2}{d^2})\) . Ta có đpcm.
a) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) => a = kb ; c = dk
Ta có \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-7b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-7b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-7\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-7}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-7d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-7d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-7\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-7}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-7b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-7d}\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+c}{c}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{dk}=\dfrac{\left(b+d\right)k}{dk}=\dfrac{b+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=\dfrac{k\left(b+d\right)}{b+d}=k\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{bk-dk}{b-d}=\dfrac{k\left(b-d\right)}{b-d}=k\) (2)
Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
c, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a-c}{a}=\dfrac{bk-dk}{bk}=\dfrac{k\left(b-d\right)}{bk}=\dfrac{b-d}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
d, Ta có: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{2a-7b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{2bk-7b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(2k-7\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{2k-7}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{2c-7d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{2dk-7d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(2k-7\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{2k-7}\) (2)
Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
e, Sai đề
f, \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^{2012}=\left(\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^{2012}=\left[\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right]^{2012}=\dfrac{b^{2012}}{d^{2012}}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{a^{2012}+b^{2012}}{c^{2012}+d^{2012}}=\dfrac{b^{2012}k^{2012}+b^{2012}}{d^{2012}k^{2012}+d^{2012}}=\dfrac{b^{2012}\left(k^{2012}+1\right)}{d^{2012}\left(k^{2012}+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^{2012}}{d^{2012}}\) (2)
Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Bài 2:
a, \(\dfrac{3}{x-4}=\dfrac{x+4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-16=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm5\)
Vậy \(x=\pm5\)
b, \(\dfrac{x+2}{2}=\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(1-x\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-x^2+2-2x=2\)
\(\Rightarrow-x-x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(-1-x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\-1-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x = 0 hoặc x = -1
c, \(\dfrac{x+7}{x+4}=\dfrac{x-1}{x-2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+7\right)\left(x-2\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+7x-14=x^2-x+4x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+5x-14=x^2+3x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=10\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy x = 5
Bài 3:
\(\dfrac{3x-y}{x+y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow12x-4y=3x+3y\)
\(\Rightarrow9x=7y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
Câu 1:
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2}{d^2k^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{2a^2+3b^2}{2c^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{2b^2k^2+3b^2}{2d^2k^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{2a^2+3b^2}{2c^2+3d^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{2a-3c}{c}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{dk}=\dfrac{2b-3d}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}=\dfrac{x-1-2y+4+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\dfrac{-10-6}{-8}=\dfrac{-16}{-8}=2\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.2+1=5\\y=2.3+2=8\\z=2.4+3=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2=ac\\c^2=bd\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\\\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}=k\)
ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}=k^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
Và \(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{c^3}{d^3}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=k^3\)
Ta có đpcm
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
b: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk-b}{bk+b}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk-d}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
a/ Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{2a+7b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+7b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+7\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+7}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2c+7d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+7d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+7\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+7}{3k-4}\)\(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
b/ tương tự
đặt a/b = c/d bằng k
=> a=bk ; c = dk
thay vào hai biểu thức cần chứng minh là xong
a) Với \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{m}{n}\) và \(t,p,q\ne0\Rightarrow\dfrac{ta}{tb}=\dfrac{pc}{pd}=\dfrac{qm}{qn}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{ta+pc+qm}{tb+pd+qn}\)( theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )
b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\)( áp dụng theo câu a )
Suy ra \(\dfrac{ta+pb}{ea+fb}=\dfrac{tc+pd}{ec+fd}\)
c) Áp dụng câu b với \(t=3,p=5,e=2,f=-7\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{3a+5b}{2a-7b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{2c-7d}\)
d) \(4x=5y,y=2z\) nên \(4x=5y=10z\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{3x+5y-2z}{3.5+5.4-2.2}=\dfrac{93}{31}=3\)