Câu 2 :

b) \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{-2}{9}\)

=> x = \(\frac{-2}{9}.3\) = \(\frac{-2}{3}\)

c) \(0,5x-\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{7}{12}\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{7}{12}\)

=> \(-\frac{1}{6}\)x = \(\frac{7}{12}\)

=> x = \(\frac{7}{12}:\frac{-1}{6}\)

=> x =\(\frac{-7}{2}\)

Đề 1 câu 5 :

\(3B=3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{201}\)

\(\Rightarrow2B=3B-B=3^{201}-3\)

\(\Rightarrow2B+3=\left(3^{201}-3\right)+3=3^{201}\)

Do đó n = 201

\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)

\(A=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}\right)\)

\(A>2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)

\(A>2\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)

\(A>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+cosx\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+2cos^2\frac{x}{2}-1\right)=cos^2\frac{x}{2}\)

Do \(0< x< \frac{\pi}{2}\Rightarrow cos\frac{x}{k}>0\) \(\forall k\) nguyên dương

\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cosx}}}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cos\frac{x}{2}}}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cos\frac{x}{4}}\)

\(A=cos\frac{x}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Với \(n=\pm8\) thì đẳng thức luôn đúng

Đặt P = ... 

* Chứng minh P > 1/2 : 

\(P\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)^2}{n+1+n+2+n+3+...+n+n}\)

Từ \(n+1\) đến \(n+n\) có n số => tổng \(\left(n+1\right)+\left(n+2\right)+\left(n+3\right)+...+\left(n+n\right)\) là: 

\(\frac{n\left(n+n+n+1\right)}{2}=\frac{n\left(3n+1\right)}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(P\ge\frac{n^2}{\frac{n\left(3n+1\right)}{2}}=\frac{2n}{3n+1}\)

Mà \(n>1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(4n>3n+1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{n}{3n+1}>\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(P>\frac{1}{2}\)

* Chứng minh P < 3/4 : 

Có: \(\frac{1}{n+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+1\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{n+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{n+3}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)

... 

\(\frac{1}{n+n}=\frac{1}{2n}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{n}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+1+\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{n}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{n}+...+\frac{1}{n}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(n.\frac{1}{n}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}\right)< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{2}{4}< \frac{3}{4}\) ( do n>1 ) 

\(\Rightarrow\)\(P< \frac{3}{4}\)

Câu 1: C

Câu 2: D

\(P=\frac{1}{4a+2b+3}+\frac{1}{4b+\frac{2}{c}+3}+\frac{1}{2a+\frac{4}{c}+3}\)

Đặt \(\left(2a;2b;\frac{2}{c}\right)=\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)\Rightarrow x^2y^2z^2=\frac{8ab}{c}=1\Rightarrow xyz=1\)

\(P=\frac{1}{2x^2+y^2+3}+\frac{1}{2y^2+z^2+3}+\frac{1}{2z^2+x^2+3}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+x^2+1+2}+\frac{1}{y^2+z^2+y^2+1+2}+\frac{1}{z^2+x^2+z^2+1+2}\)

\(P\le\frac{1}{2xy+2x+2}+\frac{1}{2yz+2y+2}+\frac{1}{2zx+2x+2}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow S=4\)