Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature.

In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human-related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help.

As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

Dịch văn bản sau sang Tiếng Việt:

We live in a dynamic world, and habitats are always undergoing changes at all sorts of levels. However, natural changes usually occur at a slow pace so that impacts on individual species tend to be slight - at least in the short term
When the pace of change is greatly accelerated, there may be no time for individual species to react to new circumstances, and the effects can be disastrous. Briefly, this is the reason that rapid habitat loss is regarded as the chief cause of species endangerment, and there is no force more powerful in this regard than human beings. To some extent, every part of the earth has been affected by human activities, especially during this past century. This applies on virtually every scale, from the loss of microbes in soils that once supported tropical forests, to the extinction of fish and other aquatic species in polluted freshwater habitats, to changes in global climate caused by the release of greenhouse gases. From the perspective of an individual human lifetime, such changes may be hard to detect and their effects on individual species may be hard to predict. But the lesson is clear enough. For example, although many countries have had plans to grow many tropical forests, they are highly susceptible to destruction because the soils in which they grow are poor in available nutrients. Centuries may be required to bring back a forest that was cut down or burnt out in the space of a few years. Many of the world's severely threatened animals and plants live in such forests, and it is certain that huge numbers of them will disappear if present rates of forest loss continue. Habitats in the world are unchangeable and fixedly exist.

Earth is losing wildlife at a faster rate than at any time in history. This is according to the new "Living Planet Report" from the World Wildlife Fund. The report says the global wildlife population shrank by 60 per cent between 1970 and 2014. The WWF warned that: "Earth is losing biodiversity at a rate seen only during mass extinctions." Researchers state that most of the decline in our animal population is because of "exploding human consumption". There are more and more humans on this planet. We are eating more, overfishing, cutting down trees for beef production, consuming more, and using more energy and natural resources. This has resulted in a massive loss of habitat for animals.The report estimates that only a quarter of the world's land has been untouched by humans. This means human activity has greatly affected animals on three-quarters of Earth's surface. Researchers tracked more than 4,000 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and amphibians. They say the loss of animal life is worst in South and Central America. These regions saw an 89 per cent loss in the population of vertebrates in the past four decades. The WWF wrote: "The astonishing decline in wildlife population...is a [depressing] reminder, and perhaps the ultimate indicator, of the pressure we [put] on the planet." It warned: "We can be the generation that had its chance and failed to act; that let Earth slip away."

(ANswer the question )

1 what is the name of there port from the wwf

2 what did the WWF say the earth is losing at a rae seen in extinction

3 what did researchers say the decide in wildlife was because of

4 what the article say trees were being cut down for

5 what did the article say animals had lost

minh cam on nhieu nha

Read the text and then choose the best answer A, B, C, or D.

Visit the Edinburgh Festival

Every year, thousands of people come to Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland, to be part of the Edinburgh Festival. For three weeks every August and September the city is filled with actors and artists from all over the world. They come to Edinburgh for the biggest arts festival in Britain. During this time, the streets of the city are alive with music and dance from early in the morning untill late at night. You can even see artists painting pictures on the streets.

Tens of thousands of tourists come to the festival to see new films and plays and to hear music played by famous musicians. This year, you can see over five hundred performances with actors from more than forty countries.

The tickets for these performances are quite cheap, and it is usually easier to see your favourite star in Edinburgh than it is in London. So come to Edinburgh next summer!

How many people come to attend the Edinburgh Festival every year?

Plans grow(46) almost every part of the world. We see(47) plants as flowers, glass, and tree nearly every day. Plants grow high on moutaintops, far in the oceans, and in many deserts and(48) regions

Without plants, there could be not life on earth. Man could not live without air of food and so he could not live without plants. The oxygen in the air we breathe comes from plants. The food we eat also comes from plants or from animals that eat plants. We build houses and make many(49) products from lumber cut from trees. (50) of our clothing is made from the fitbers of the cotton plants.

Scientists belive there are more than 350,000 species of plants, but no one knowns for(51). Some of the smallest plants, called diatoms, can be seen only with a(52). A drop of the water may hould as many as 500 diatoms. The largest living things are the giant sequoia trees of California. Some of them stand more than 290 feet high and measure over 30 feet wide

Scientist(53) all living things into two main groups - plants and animals. It is usually easy to tell the two(54). Almost all kinds of plants stay in one place, but nearly all species of animals move about under their own power. Most plants make their own food from air, sunglight, and water. Animals cannot make their own food. The basic units of all life, called cells, are also different in plants and animals. Most plants have thick wall that(55) a material called cellulost. Animal cells dl not have this material.

Ae giúp mjk nhanh với

Read the following passage and do the tasks below:

Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype and how much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case that it depends on which expert you listen to, or which statistics you study.

Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world's leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault - the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.

There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on. Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a rising of world temperature which would have disastrous consequences for mankind: “a strong cause and effect relationship between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere ". He has now gone on record as stating that using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that, rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wastelands.

In fact, there is some evidence to suggest that as our computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, the predicted rises in temperature have been cut back. In addition, if we look at the much reported rise in global temperature over the last century, a close analysis reveals that the lion's share of that increase, almost three quarters in total, occurred before man began to "poison" his world with industrial processes and the accompanying greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of the twentieth century.

So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines, claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of transport is creating a nightmare level of greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence, which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two percent come from man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions. Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the skeptics, including, of course, a lot of big businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own opinion? The jury's still out as far as I am concerned!

Question 1-6: Choose the appropriate letters (A, B, C or D), based on the information from the passage.

1. The author ........

A believes that man is causing global warming

B believes that global warming is a natural process

C is sure what the causes of global warming are

D does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are

2. As to the cause of global warming, the author believes that ........

A occasionally the facts depend on who you are talking to

B the facts always depend on who you are talking to

C often the facts depend on which expert you listen to

D you should not speak to experts

3. More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that .........

A global warming should make us lose sleep

B global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes, but man-made

C the consequences of global warming will be devastating

D global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes

4. Our understanding of weather ...........

A leads to reliable predictions

B is variable

C cannot be denied

D is not very developed yet

5. Currently, Dr. James Hansen's beliefs include the fact that .......

A it is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models

B the consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind

C there is a significant link between the climate now, and man's changing of the atmosphere

D Earth is getting colder

6. Which of these is the best title for this text?

A Global Warming is for real

B Global warming - media hype or genuine threat?

C Weather changes over the last 100 years

D Global Warming - the greatest threat to mankind

Read the passage below and use the correct form of the words given.(10 marks)

One of the major(1. ENVIRONMENT) concerns in today's world is growing list of (2.DANGER) plants, animals and birds. The (3.BIG) threat of all wildlife is, of course, man, who must take action now to prevent the (4.APPEAR) of these species. Whales, tigers and elephants all(5.REQUIRING) greater protection as hunters threaten to drive them to extinction,(6.SIMILAR), more effective measures are suggeted to stop (7. GLOBE) warming, which has led to the (8.LOSE) of important natural habitats. Fish too, are increasingly at risk frpm high lever of the river and sea(9. POLLUTE), cause by oil spill and toxic effluent. Stricter government controls will help in the fight to save our wildlife and a greater public(10.AWARE) of the issuses should be involved

I) Read the passage again then decide whether the statements are true(T) of false(F)

Chu Van An high school is one of the oldest and most prestigious state schools in Viet Nam. Established in 1908 by the drench , the school was located beside the Wast lake , and was originally named after the location it was in . It is a very pleasant , spacious school with great views of the lake from the classroom windows.

In 1943 , the school was moves to Ninh Binh , and was not moved back to Ha Noi until 1945. In that year, the school was renamed Chu Van An , after a famous Vietnamese Confucianism teacher of the Tran Dynasty. Professor Nguyen Gia Tuong becamr the first Vietnamese principal of the school . Many famous people like ex-prime Ministeer Pham Van Dong , Docter Ton That Tung , anf poet Xuan Dieu Used to be the school;s students
Today the school is still located in the same area , and has maintained its prestige, as well as its reputation as one of the top school in Ha Noi . It is very difficult to be admitted to the school . Every year , there are around three thousand applicants but only about five hundred are admitted. Those applicants have to take an entrance examination conducted by the Department of education and training of Ha Noi

1. Chu Van An high school is one the second oldest schools in Viet Nam __

2. It was moved to Ninh Binh in 1943__

3. It is very difficuld to be admintted to the school __

4. Wvery year, there are aroud three thousand applicants are admintted to the school___

5. The applicants have to take an entrance examination___

each year, on September 22th people in over 1500 cities in 40 countries ảound the globe celebrate World Carfree day. This annual event, which is coordinated by the World Car Network in Parague and supported. by the European Union and the United Nations, aim to raise awareness of ......... problems caused by put dependence on private cars. Streets are closed to traffic and opened instead to street parties, theater, bicycles demonstrations or ourdoor cafe, in order to show people what your city might loook like ........... there were fewer or no cars. Over one hundred milion people are believe to take ........... in the celebration, though this figure is difficulty to verify.

The hope of the organizers is that the initiative will serve as a catalyst and lead to more permanent changes ............ will promote and encourage more environmentally friendly alternatives to the car, ............ as walking, cycling, and public transport. ......................., with increasing globe car production and a world which ........... grown used to the benefits of private transport, skeptics of the event say the battle is already lost. One can only hope they are wrong and even if it is unlikely we will see cities ................ any cars at all, people may at least begin to change their habits and leave their car at home more often