\(\frac{x-2}{2017}+\frac{x-3}{2018}=\frac{x-4}{2019}+\frac{x-5}{2020}\)

<=> \(\frac{x-2}{2017}+1+\frac{x-3}{2018}+1=\frac{x-4}{2019}+1+\frac{x-5}{2020}+1\)

<=> \(\frac{x+2015}{2017}+\frac{x+2015}{2018}-\frac{x+2015}{2019}-\frac{x+2015}{2020}=0\)

<=> \(\left(x+2015\right)\left(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=0\)

<=> x + 2015 = 0  ( vì \(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\ne0\)) 

<=> x = - 2015 

Vậy x = -2015.

Giải phương trình :

\(\frac{x-2}{2017}+\frac{x-3}{2018}=\frac{x-4}{2019}+\frac{x-5}{2020}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-2}{2017}+1+\frac{x-3}{2018}+1=\frac{x-4}{2019}+1+\frac{x-5}{2020}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+2015}{2017}+\frac{x+2015}{2018}-\frac{x+2015}{2019}-\frac{x+2015}{2020}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2015\right)\left(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=0\)

Mà \(\left(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+2015=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-2015\)

\(1,\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2=25\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=25\)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm do 25 ko phải tổng 2 số chính phương

\(2,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y^2-6y+9\right)=47\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y-3\right)^2=47\)

Mà 47 ko phải hiệu 2 số chính phương nên pt vô nghiệm

\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2=16\)

Mà 16 ko phải tổng 2 số chính phương nên pt vô nghiệm

1a. Đề lỗi

1b. 

PT $\Leftrightarrow (x+2)^2+(y-1)^2=25$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+2)^2=25-(y-1)^2\leq 25$

$(x+2)^2$ là scp không vượt quá $25$ nên có thể nhận các giá trị $0,1,4,9,16,25$

Nếu $(x+2)^2=0\Rightarrow (y-1)^2=25$

$\Rightarrow (x,y)=(-2, 6), (-2, -4)$
Nếu $(x+2)^2=1\Rightarrow (y-1)^2=24$ không là scp (loại)

Nếu $(x+2)^2=4\Rightarrow (y-1)^2=21$ không là scp (loại)

Nếu $(x+2)^2=9\Rightarrow (y-1)^2=16$

$\Rightarrow (x,y)=(1, 5), (1, -3), (-5,5), (-5, -3)$

Nếu $(x+2)^2=25\Rightarrow (y-1)^2=0$

$\Rightarrow (x,y)=(3, 1), (-7, 1)$

=>\(\left(\dfrac{x+1}{2021}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+2}{2020}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+3}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+2028}{2}-3\right)=0\)

=>x+2022=0

=>x=-2022

\(\frac{x+1}{2018}+\frac{x+2}{2019}=\frac{x+3}{2020}+\frac{x+4}{2021}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2018}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2019}-1\right)=\left(\frac{x+3}{2020}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x+4}{2021}-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-2017}{2018}+\frac{x-2017}{2019}=\frac{x-2017}{2020}+\frac{x-2017}{2021}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2017\right)\left(\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2017=0\)\(\left(\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2017\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{2017\right\}\)

TH1: x<2019

=>x-2020<-1

=>\(\left|x-2020\right|>1\)

=>\(\left|x-2020\right|^{2021}>1\)

=>\(\left|x-2019\right|^{2020}+\left|x-2020\right|^{2021}>1\)

=>Loại

TH2: x>2020

=>x-2019>1

=>\(\left|x-2019\right|^{2020}>1\)

=>\(\left|x-2019\right|^{2020}+\left|x-2020\right|^{2021}>1\)

=>Loại

TH3: 2019<=x<=2020

=>0<=x-2019<=1 và -1<=x-2020<=0

=>|x-2019|=x-2019∈[0;1]; |x-2020|=2020-x∈[0;1]

Do đó, ta có: \(\left|x-2019\right|^{2020}\le\left|x-2019\right|=x-2019\) ; \(\left|x-2020\right|^{2021}\le\left|x-2020\right|=2020-x\)

=>\(\left|x-2019\right|^{2020}+\left|x-2020\right|^{2021}\le x-2019+2020-x=1\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2019=0 hoặc x-2020=0

=>x=2019 hoặc x=2020

Ta có:\(\frac{x-2}{2017}+1+\frac{x-3}{2018}+1=\frac{x-4}{2019}+1+\frac{x-5}{2020}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+2015}{2017}+\frac{x+2015}{2018}-\frac{x+2015}{2019}-\frac{x+2015}{2020}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2015\right)\left(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=0\)

Mà \(\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+2015=0\Rightarrow x=-2015\)

\(S=\left\{-2015\right\}\)

gợi ý 

2017-x-2=2018-3-x=2019-4-x=2020-5-x

a) \(3\left(2x-x\right)=5x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-3x=5x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-3x-5x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{-2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b) \(\dfrac{x+1}{2021}+\dfrac{x+2}{2020}+\dfrac{x+3}{2019}+\dfrac{x+4}{2018}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1}{2021}+1+\dfrac{x+2}{2020}+1=\dfrac{x+3}{2019}+1+\dfrac{x+4}{2018}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2022}{2021}+\dfrac{x+2022}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2022}{2019}+\dfrac{x+2022}{2018}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2022\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2021}+\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2022=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2022\)

a)3(2x-3)=5x+1

⇔6x-9=5x+1

⇔6x-5x=1+9

⇔x=10

vậy phương trình có nghiệm là S={10}

b)\(\dfrac{x+1}{2021}\)+\(\dfrac{x+2}{2020}\)+\(\dfrac{x+3}{2019}\)+\(\dfrac{x+2028}{2}\)=0

⇔2020(x+1)+2021(x+2)+2041210(x+2028)=0

⇔2045251x+4139579942=0

⇔2045251x=-4139579942=0

⇔x=-\(\dfrac{4139579942}{2045251}\)

vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm là S={\(-\dfrac{4139579942}{2045251}\)}