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a, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
b, \(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,745}{74,5}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KCl}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,015.24,79=0,37185\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{O_2}=0,015.32=0,48\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=n_{KCl}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=0,01.122,5=1,225\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{1,225}{2,5}.100\%=49\%\)
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)------------------------0,5 mol
4P+5O2-to>2P2O5
0,4--0,5-------0,2 mol
n P2O5=\(\dfrac{28,4}{142}\)=0,2 mol
=>m KClO3=\(\dfrac{1}{3}\).122,5=40,83g
=> số nt P là :0,4.6.1023=2,4.1023
\(a,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ 4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\\ b,n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}.0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{122,5}{3}=\dfrac{245}{6}\left(g\right)\\ c,n_P=\dfrac{4}{2}.n_{P_2O_5}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_P=31.0,4=12,4\left(g\right)\)
a, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{15,8}{158}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(n_{KClO_3\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: H% = 80%
\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO_3\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{30}}{80\%}=\dfrac{1}{24}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{1}{24}.122,5=\dfrac{245}{48}\left(g\right)\)
a, PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=2,4.32=76,8\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{KClO_3}=76,8+168,2=245\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo pthh: \(n_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.2,4=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{KClO_3\left(phân.huỷ\right)}=\dfrac{1,6.122,5}{245}=80\%\)
\(n_{O2}=\frac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 ----> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
4,8 <-------------------------------------- 2,4 (mol)
=> \(m_{KMnO4}=\frac{4,8.158.100}{90}=842,667\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
a) nKNO3= 1(mol); nO2 = 0,12(mol)
2KNO3 ---> 2KNO2 + O2
0,24 0,24 0,12
=> H pứ= \(\dfrac{0,24}{1}\). 100%= 24%
Sau pứ có KNO2 và KNO3 dư
mKNO2= 20,4(g); m KNO3 = 24,24(g)
b) Ag ko pứ với O2
4Al + 3O2---> 2Al2O3
0,2 0,1
m chất sau pứ= 21(g)
2. nFeS2= 0,3; nO2= 0,5; nFe2O3= 0,1
4FeS2 + 11O2 --> 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
0,2 0,1 0.4
a) H pứ = 66,67%
b) X= 8,96 (l)
c) m chất rắn sau phản ứng= 40 (g)
%m Fe2O3= 40%
%m FeS2 = 60%
mik c.ơn trước
a)
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
b) $n_{KMnO_4} = \dfrac{79}{158} = 0,5(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4} = 0,25(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{O_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)$
c) $n_P = \dfrac{3,1}{31} = 0,1(mol)$
$4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5$
Ta thấy : $n_P : 4 < n_{O_2} :5$ nên $O_2$ dư
$n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_P = 0,05(mol)$
$m_{P_2O_5} = 0,05.142 = 7,1(gam)$
Bài 2 :
\(n_{KClO3}=\dfrac{36,75}{122,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2|\)
2 2 3
0,3 0,45
\(n_{O2}=\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O2\left(dktc\right)}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Pt : \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5|\)
4 5 2
0,36 0,45 0,18
\(n_P=\dfrac{0,45.4}{5}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_P=0,36.31=11,16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{P2O5}=\dfrac{0,45.2}{5}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{P2O5}=0,18.142=25,56\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{245}{122,5}=2mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4mol\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
2 0 2,4
1,6 1,6 2,4
0,4 1,6 2,4
Thực tế có \(m_{KClO_3}=1,6\cdot122,5=196g\) \(KClO_3\)phản ứng
Hiệu suất phản ứng:
\(H=\dfrac{196}{245}\cdot100\%=80\%\)