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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:
\(P=4x+3y+\dfrac{6}{x}+\dfrac{9}{2y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{6}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{9}{2y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{5}{2}y\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}x\times\dfrac{6}{x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}y\times\dfrac{9}{2y}}+\dfrac{5}{2}\times5\)
\(=\dfrac{43}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x=\dfrac{6}{x}\\\dfrac{1}{2}y=\dfrac{9}{2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{nhận}\right)\)
Vậy \(Min_P=\dfrac{43}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dưới dạng Engel , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{\left(1+4+9\right)^2}{x+y+z}=196\)
⇒ \(P_{MIN}=196."="\) ⇔ \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Sorry nhé , mình làm lại bài 2 .
\(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+y+z}=36\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{MIN}=36."="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có :
\(A=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{y}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{y}}+\sqrt{z}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\)
\(\left(1+2+3\right)^2=36\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel
\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+y+z}=36\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{6};y=\dfrac{1}{3};z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Theo cô-si thì \(2\sqrt{2x.3y}\le2x+3y\le2\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{6}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{4x^2+9y^2}+\frac{9}{xy}=\frac{4}{4x^2+9y^2}+\frac{4}{12xy}+\frac{26}{3xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(2+2\right)^2}{4x^2+9y^2+12xy}+\frac{26}{\frac{3.1}{6}}\)
\(=\frac{14}{\left(2x+3y\right)^2}+\frac{26.6}{3}=56\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
ta thấy \(A=\frac{4}{4x^2+9y^2}+\frac{9}{xy}=\frac{4}{4x^2+9y^2}+\frac{4}{12xy}+\frac{26}{3xy}\ge\frac{16}{\left(2x+3y\right)^2}+\frac{26}{3xy}\)(1)
lại có \(2x+3y\le2\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3y\right)^2\le4\Leftrightarrow4x^2+9y^2+12xy\le4\left(2\right)\)
mặt khác \(4x^2+9y^2\ge12xy\)(theo Bất Đẳng Thức Cosi cho x,y>0) (3)
từ (1) và (2) => \(12xy+12xy\le4\Leftrightarrow3xy\le\frac{1}{2}\left(4\right)\)
từ (1) và (4) => \(A\ge\frac{16}{4}+\frac{26}{\frac{1}{2}}=4+52=56\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
a/ \(P=12\)
b/ \(Q=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
c/ Ta có:
\(\frac{P}{Q}=\frac{\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}}{\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}}=\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3x}}{\sqrt{x}}=2\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = 3 (thỏa tất cả các điều kiện )
a. Thay x = 3 vào biểu thức P ta được :
\(p=\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\frac{9+3}{\sqrt{9}-2}=12\)
b, \(Q=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{x-4}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
c, Ta có :
\(\frac{P}{Q}=\frac{\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}}{\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}}=\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3x}}{\sqrt{x}}=2\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy GTNN \(\frac{P}{Q}=2\sqrt{3}\) khi và chỉ khi \(x=3\)
a: \(Q=\dfrac{9-x+x-9-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x-9-x+3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-9}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
Để M>0 thì căn x+2<0(vô lý)
b: \(M\left(x+1\right)=\dfrac{-3\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3x-3}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{-3x+12-15}{\sqrt{x}+2}=-\dfrac{3\left(x-4\right)}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=-3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=-3\sqrt{x}+6-\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=-3\sqrt{x}-6-\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}+12\)
\(=-\left(3\sqrt{x}+6+\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)+12\)
\(3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}>=2\cdot\sqrt{3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\cdot\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{x}+2}}=6\sqrt{5}\)
=>M(x+1)<=-6căn 5+12
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2=15\)
=>(căn x+2)^2=5
=>căn x+2=căn 5
=>căn x=căn 5-2
=>x=9-4căn 5