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a/ PTHH : \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
b/ \(n_{CO_2}=\frac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Từ PTHH suy ra \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CO_2}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\frac{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}{V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\frac{1}{\frac{200}{1000}}=5M\)
c/ \(n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaCO_3}=1\times197=197\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có : nNaOH = 2.0,04 = 0,08 (mol)
ta có PTHH :
\(HCl+AgNO3->AgCl\downarrow+HNO3\)
0,03mol.......................0,03mol.....0,03mol
=> nAgCl = \(\dfrac{4,305}{143,5}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Nước lọc sau pư là HNO3
Ta có PTHH :
\(HNO3+NaOH->NaNO3+H2O\)
0,08 mol.....0,08mol
=> nHNO3(ban đầu) = 0,08 - 0,03 = 0,05 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CMHCl=\dfrac{0,03}{0,1}=0,3\left(M\right)\\CMHNO3=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy....
PT: \(Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaNO_3+Cu\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
a, Ta có: \(m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\frac{50.5\%}{100\%}=2,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\frac{2,5}{188}=\)
Tới đây tính ra số mol Cu(NO3)3 lẻ quá, không biết đề có nhầm lẫn ở đâu không bạn nhỉ?
PTHH: \(Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaNO_3\)
a) Ta có: \(m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=50\cdot5\%=2,5\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\frac{2,5}{188}=\frac{5}{376}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\frac{5}{188}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaOH}}=\frac{\frac{5}{188}}{0,06}\approx0,44\left(M\right)\\m_{NaOH}=\frac{5}{188}\cdot40=\frac{50}{47}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề bài: \(m_{ddNaOH}=60\cdot1,2=72\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\frac{\frac{50}{47}}{72}\cdot100\approx1,48\%\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{5}{376}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{5}{376}\cdot98\approx1,3\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{NaNO_3}=\frac{5}{188}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaNO_3}=\frac{5}{188}\cdot85\approx2,26\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}+m_{NaOH}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=50+72-1,3=120,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaNO_3}=\frac{2,26}{120,7}\cdot100\approx1,87\%\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow3BaSO_4\downarrow+2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)a. Số mol các chất tham gia: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.1,5=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\) Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) => \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\) dư, tính toán theo \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\). Theo PTHH, ta có: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\) Khối lượng kết tủa thu được sau pứ: \(m_{BaSO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3.233+0,2.107=91,3\left(g\right)\)
b. Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)=> \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(dư\right)}=0,15-0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\) Nồng độ mol các chất trong phản ứng: \(C_{M\left(BaSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,25}=1,2M\) \(C_{M\left(Fe\left(OH\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}=0,8M\) \(C_{M\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,25}=0,2M\)
nNaOH=8/40=0,2mol
pt : 2NaOH + MgCl2 ------> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
npứ:0,2------->0,1------------->0,1
pt : Mg(OH)2 ---to--> MgO + H2O
npứ:0,1----------------->0,1
mMgO = 0,1.40=4g
CM (MgCl2)=0,1/0,2=0,5M
PTHH: K2CO3 + 2 HCl ->2 KCl + H2O + CO2
x___________2x______2x____________x(mol)
KHCO3 + HCl -> KCl + H2O + CO2
y____y__________y_______y(mol)
mHCl= 27,375.0,2= 5,475
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2.36,5x+36,5y=5,475\\22,4x+22,4y=2,24\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\x=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
mK2CO3= 0,05.138= 6,9(g)
mKHCO3= 0,05.100=5(g)
=> %mK2CO3= (6,9/11,9).100=57,893%
=> %mKHCO3= 100%- 57,893%= 42,107%
c) mKCl= 0,15. 74,5=11,175(g)
mddKCl= mhh+ mddHCl - mCO2= 11,9+27,375- 0,1.44=34,875(g)
=> C%ddKCl = (11,175/34,875).100=32,043%
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{106}=0,1mol\)
Na2CO3+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)Na2SO4+CO2+H2O
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1mol\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2gam\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,5=0,15mol\)
\(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,15}\approx0,67< 1\rightarrow\)Tạo muối trung hòa CaCO3 và Ca(OH)2 dư:
CO2+Ca(OH)2\(\rightarrow\)CaCO3+H2O
\(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1mol\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100.\dfrac{80}{100}=8gam\)
\(BaCl_2+Na_2SO_4-->BaSO_4+2NaCl\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{m_{dd}.C\%}{100}=\dfrac{450.20}{100}90g\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{90}{208}=0.43mol\)
--> \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,43.233=100,19g\)
c, \(m_{ddNaCl}=450+300-100,19=649,81g\)
\(m_{NaCl}=n.M=0,86.58,5=50,31\)
-->\(C\%=\dfrac{50,31}{649,81}.100\%=7,74\%\)