CẢM ƠN NHA!

a) 

Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

b)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            0,3<-----------------0,3

=> m_Mg = 0,3.24 = 7,2 (g)

=> m_Ag = 10,4 - 7,2 = 3,2 (g)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{10,4}.100\%=69,23\%\\\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3,2}{10,4}.100\%=30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 2 : 

\(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m=64a+27b=11.8\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(BTKL:m_{O_2}=18.2-11.8=6.4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6.4}{32}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2CuO\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

\(n_{O_2}=0.5a+0.75b=0.2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(\%Cu=\dfrac{0.1\cdot64}{11.8}\cdot100\%=54.23\%\)

Câu 1 : 

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTKL:\)

\(m_{Muối}=12.725+1\cdot36.5-0.5\cdot2=48.225\left(g\right)\)

n_H2= \(\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}\) = 0,04(mol)

Mg + 2HCl  \(\rightarrow\) MgCl₂  + H₂\(\uparrow\)

a                                  \(\rightarrow\)    a     (mol)

2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂\(\uparrow\)         (ai dạy Al hóa trị II thế =.=)

b                                  \(\rightarrow\) 1,5b   (mol)

Gọi a,b lần lượt là số mol của Mg và Al

Theo đầu bài, ta có:   \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=0.78\\a+1,5b=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,01\\b=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m_Mg= 0,01.24 = 0,24(g)

=> m_Al = 0,78 - 0,24 = 0,54(g)

\(n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) ; n_{Mg} = c(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 65a + 27b + 24c = 44,1(1)\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3 H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b + c = \dfrac{31,36}{22,4} = 1,4(2)\\ Mà : 2a = 3b(3)\\ (1)(2)(3) \Rightarrow a = 0,3 ; b = 0,2 ; c = 0,8\\ \%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,3.65}{44,1}.100\% = 44,22\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{44,1}.100\% = 12,24\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg} = 100\% -44,22\% -12,24\% = 43,54\%\)

\(a.2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=a,n_{Mg}=b\\ 27a+24b=7,5\left(I\right)\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(II\right)\\ a=0,1;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27\cdot0,1}{7,5}\cdot100\%=36\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=64\%\\ c.m_{HCl}=36,5\left(0,1\cdot3+0,2\cdot2\right)=18,25g\\ d.m_{ddsau}=7,5+\dfrac{18,25}{14,6:100}-0,35\cdot2=131,8g\\ C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{133,5\cdot0,1}{131,8}\cdot100\%=10,1\%\\ C\%\left(MgCl_2\right)=\dfrac{95\cdot0,2}{131,8}\cdot100\%=14,4\%\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6\left(l\right)\)

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 24y = 3,78 (1)

 Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\\y=\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.