Task 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.

1. You should take the train instead of the bus.

-> If………………………………………… ………………………………………….. ………………

2. I’m sure that someone forgot to lock the door.

–> Someone must………………………………………. ………………………………………….

3. They bought this house ten years ago.

–> They have………………………………………. ………………………………………….. …..

4. The course finished with a big party.

–> At the end……………………………………….. ……………………………………………..

5. We invited a pop star onto the chat show, but he didn’t turn up.

–> The pop star………………………………………. ……………………………………………

6. Although she said that she would come, I don’t think she ever will.

—> Despite……………………………………. ………………………………………….. ………..

7. The plane had hardly left the airport when the accident happened.

–> No sooner…………………………………….. ………………………………………….. …….

8. You feel tired now because you didn’t sleep very well last night.

-> Had……………………………………….. ………………………………………….. …………..

9. When did you start the project?

—> How long………………………………………. ……………………………………………..

10. Their wedding will be held in a lovely church.

–> The church…………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ……

EXERCISE 2: Complete the following sentences using an appropriate form of the verb.

1. Suddenly she gave a loud scream and .............................. to the ground. (fall))

2. After questioning, he ................................. to go home. (allow)

3. They would have won if they .................................. a bit harder. (play)

4. She .......................... to say that she disagreed. (hear)

5. Although they ............................... defeated, they did not lose heart. (be)

6. Our teacher taught us that virtue ............................... its own reward. (be)

7. The teacher asked the boys whether they ............................... the problems. (solve)

8. He declared that he would not believe it even if he .............................. it with his own eyes. (see)

9. The room .............................. but the police failed to find anything suspicious. (search)

10. The government has announced that taxes ................................... (raise)

Task 5: Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

Ok Om Bok is a traditional festival of Khmer people in Mekong Delta. Ok Om Bok Festival takes place on the Full Moon day of the tenth month in the Vietnamese Lunar Calendar, aiming at worshipping the Moon.

On the night of the Full Moon day, Khmer people set up a table of offerings; new sticky rice, yam, coconuts, bananas, sweeties, etc and bow their heads to show their thanks to the Moon. After that, there is a colorful and sparkling lanterns ceremony on Ba Om Lake. Khmer people not only drop these lanterns on the lake but also fly them to the sky. Dozens of great lanterns lighten the night sky in bustling music and the joy of Khmer people. Khmer people believe that these lanterns will bring bad luck and risk far away.

The most attractive and exciting activity of the Ok Om Bok Festival is the Ngo race (a special kind of boat of Khmer people in the shape of Nagar snake). Ngo race is a traditional sport of Khmer in the Ok Om Bok Festival. Ngo is a long boat with 25 - 30 meters in length and 1 - 1.4 meter in width. There are about 40 to 60 boatmen in every “Ngo” with a leader at the top to guide the whole team. Before the race, people gather along the riverbanks making an exciting atmosphere. During the race, the boisterous sound of drum, trumpet, cheers and applause urge boatmen row as fast as possible to the end.

Overall, Ok Om Bok is an important festival in Khmer people’s life. Ok Om Bok Festival has a sacred meaning in the spiritual life of these people, making it a cultural characteristic of this ethnic community.

A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1. Ok Om Bok Festival is celebrated in October in the Western Calendar.

2. At the night of the festival, Khmer people drop lanterns on the lake and fly lanterns to the sky.

3. Ngo is a snake-shaped boat of Khmer people.

4. The Ngo boat race takes place right after the Ok Om Bok Festival.

5. The boatmen are encouraged by the people gathering along the riverbanks.

6. Ok Om Bok Festival promotes the traditional cultural identity of the Khmer community.

B. Answer the questions.

1. When does Ok Om Bok Festival take place?

2. What is the Ok Om Bok Festival celebrated for?

3. Where do Khmer people float their lanterns?

4. How long is a Ngo boat?

5. How many boatmen are there in every Ngo boat?

6. Why is Ok Om Bok an important festival in Khmer people’s life?

V. Fill in the blanks with affirmative or negative forms of must or have to & has to.

1. It's raining outside. Tim  (take)  his umbrella.

2. I can give you my car, so you (buy) a new one.

3. They  (be) in a hurry, because they have got more than enough time.

4. You  (stop) at the red light.

5. Tomorrow is Sunday. You  (get up) very early.

6. Mrs. Parks can't see very well. She  (wear) glasses.

7. You  (return) them. They are too small for you.

8. I am broke, I  (borrow) some money to buy a car.

9. You  (stop) smoking. It is very harmful.

10. Mr. Dickson is travelling abroad this summer, so he  (get) his passport soon.

11. All the students  (obey) the school rules.

12. It's freezing outside, so we  (take a cab) and (not walk).

13. Students (look) at their notes during the test.

14. I have a terrible headache, so I  (leave) early.

15. Snow has blocked the roads. We  (stay) here until it's cleared.

1. Read the passage and answer the questions.

The Cold War 

Vietnam War 

Dates: November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975 

The Vietnam War was fought between communist North Vietnam and the government of Southern Vietnam. The North was supported by communist countries such as the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union. The South was supported by anti-communist countries, primarily the United States. 

The United States lost the Vietnam War. It lasted for twenty years, something the US never expected when it joined in the fight. Not only did the US lose the war and the country of Vietnam to the communists, the US lost prestige in the eyes of the world. 

Before the War 

Prior to World War II Vietnam had been a colony of the French. During World War II the Japanese took control of the area. When the war ended there was a power vacuum. Vietnamese revolutionary and communist Ho Chi Minh wanted freedom for the country of Vietnam. However, the Allies all agreed that Vietnam belonged to the French. 

Containment 

Eventually Ho Chi Minh and his rebels began to fight the French. Ho's soldiers in the north were called the Viet Minh. Ho tried to get US help, but they didn't want Ho to succeed as they were worried about communism spreading throughout Southeast Asia. When Ho began to have success against the French, the US became more concerned. In 1950 they began sending aid to the French in Vietnam. 

The US Enters the War 

In 1954 the French lost a major battle to the Vietnamese. They decided to pull out of Vietnam. The country was divided up into a communist Northern Vietnam and a Southern Vietnam. It was supposed to be reunited under a single election in 1956. However, the United States did not want the country to become communist. They helped Ngo Dinh Diem get elected in the South. 

Major Events During the War 

• March 1959 - Ho Chi Minh declared all out war in order to unite Vietnam under one rule. 

• December 1961 - US military advisors begin to take a direct role in the war. 

• August 1964 - The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution is passed by the US Congress after two US Destroyers were attacked by the North Vietnamese. This allowed US troops to use armed forces in the area. 

• March 8, 1965 - The first official US combat troops arrive in Vietnam. The US begins a bombing campaign of Northern Vietnam called Operation Rolling Thunder. 

• January 30, 1968 - North Vietnam launched the Tet Offensive attacking around 100 cities in Southern Vietnam. 

• July 1969 - President Nixon begins the withdrawal of US troops. 

• March 1972 - The North Vietnamese attack across the border in the Easter Offensive. 

President Johnson's War Plan 

President Lyndon Johnson had the plan to help the Southern Vietnamese get strong enough to fight the North rather than having the US win the war for them. By putting limits on the troops and not allowing them to attack Northern Vietnam from 1965 to 1969, the US had no chance to win. 

A Difficult War 

Not only were the US troops limited in what they could do strategically by President Johnson, the jungles of Vietnam proved a difficult place to fight a war. It was very difficult to find the enemy in the jungles and also difficult to determine who was the enemy. The troops had to deal with booby traps and constant ambushes from people they thought they were fighting for. 

The US Exits the War 

When Richard Nixon became president he decided to end US involvement in the war. He first began removing troops from Vietnam in July of 1969. On January 27, 1973 a ceasefire was negotiated. A few months later in March the final US troops were removed from Vietnam. In April of 1975 South Vietnam surrendered to North Vietnam. Soon the country became officially unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Vietnam was now a communist country. The US had lost the Vietnam War and also taken a major blow in the Cold War. Vietnam Veteran's Memorial in Washington, D.C. 

A Proxy War 

The Vietnam War can be considered a "proxy" war in the Cold War. Although the Soviet Union and the United States did not directly go to war, they each supported a different side in the war. 

Facts About the Vietnam War 

• The Viet Cong were Vietnamese rebels in the South who fought against the Southern Vietnam government and the United States. 

• North and South Vietnam were divided at the 17th parallel. 

• Ho Chi Minh died during the war in 1969. The city of Saigon was later renamed to Ho Chi Minh City in his honor. 

• The US chosen president of South Vietnam, Ngo Dinh Diem, was not a good leader. He was hated by many Vietnamese and was executed in November of 1963. This was not a good sign for the US hopes in the area. 

• 58,220 US soldiers died in the Vietnam War. It is estimated that millions of Vietnamese died either in battle or as civilians caught in the crossfire.

1) Vietnam was a colony of what country prior to World War II?

2) Who was the leader of the communist government in North Vietnam?

3) When the French pulled out of Southern Vietnam, what country entered to try and help stop communism from spreading?

4) What year did the first US combat troops officially arrive in Vietnam?

5) What country had control of Vietnam during World War II?

6) What United States president decided to pull American troops out of Vietnam?

7) What defined the border between North Vietnam and South Vietnam?

8) What major Vietnamese city was renamed to Ho Chi Minh City in honor of the leader of North Vietnam after the war?

9) Which side ended up winning the Vietnam War and taking control of the country?

II. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each space

PASSAGE A. Not since the Spanish Conquest has an invasion on this (1)__________ so threatened Peru’s precious Inca heritage. Today they come armed with backpacks and cameras rather than muskets and swords. Last year alone, of the country’s 2.25 million foreign visitors, nearly half headed straight for Machu Picchu, (2)__________ thousands tromping along the ancient Inca Trail to get there. In 2003, (3)__________ mounting pressure from UNESCO, the Peruvian government took measures to protect the ancient site, setting a 500-a-day limit on the number of visitors allowed in. But this hasn’t (4)__________ off tour companies out to make a quick buck, which openly flout the law and get around it by opening up new “unofficial” hiking routes to the top.  UNESCO has been infuriated by seeming government complicity in this behaviour. After all, the infamous Carrilluchayoc bridge, and others like it, which (5)__________ Machu Picchu up to hundreds of thousands of illegal visitors each year, could, quite easily, be blocked off by the state were it only to show an interest. Instead, it (6)__________ a blind eye as the situation escalates out of control. And UNESCO has finally (7)__________ its patience, demanding of the Peruvian government immediate action to stem the tide of unauthorised tourists whose careless, nitwitted trespass is putting the future of the ancient wonder at risk.

PASSAGE B. Like history, archaeology is the study of past societies, but whereas historians rely on written records, archaeologists gather much of their information by (1) _______ out excavations or 'digs'. During these digs, the archaeologists are (2)_______ the lookout for bones, seeds or any man-made objects which will give them clues as to how our ancestors lived. One of the most significant challenges (3)_______ archaeologists is finding the right place to dig. This decision is (4)_______ by consulting old maps, documents or aerial photographs, which can reveal the footprints of ancient roads or buildings invisible (5)_______ the ground. The next stęp is the painstaking removal of layers of soil, examining, recording and analysing everything that is found. Although considerably (6)_______ difficult, archaeologists have excavated buildings and whole towns that were (7)_______ water, using many of the same techniques that are used on land. (8)_______ was archaeologists who first discovered that human evolution began in Africa, and this is just one of many contributions to human knowledge made by people in the fascinating field of archaeology.

1.They dont have a map,so they got lost

-------->.If..............................................

​ 2. Because it rained heavily, the road in front of my house was flooded.(due to)

---------->..................................................................... 

3. Tornadoes can move objects as big as a car -------> objects....................................................

Today, Mike and his mom are going to the library. Mike wants to find a book to read. His mom wants to use a computer there.

When they get to the library, Mike finds a book about detectives. He also finds a book with chapters about a friendly ghost. Finally, he finds a book about a man who lives in the woods without food or water. He puts the books on the front desk and waits for his mom.

Mike's mom sits at one of the computers in the library. She checks her email and looks at pictures of flowers on the internet. Then she reads a news article on a website.

Mike's mom leaves the computer and walks over to Mike, holding up something out for him. Mike looks at her quizzically. It takes him a moment to recognize what she is holding. "I got that movie for us to watch tonight," says Mike's mom. "Are you ready to leave?"

"Sure," Mike says, now holding the movie out in front of him. He reads the cover while walking back to the library entrance. He puts his books and the movie on the front desk to check out. A librarian stands behind the counter holding an electronic scanner. "How long can we keep them?" Mike asks her.

"Three weeks," says the librarian.

"Cool," says Mike.

Suddenly, Mike is surprised. His mother is checking out something else that is too big to put on the desk. It’s a picture of the ocean.

"What is that for?" Mike asks.

"To put on our wall at home," says Mike's mom.

"You can do that?" Mike asks.

Mike's mom smiles at the librarian. "Yes," she says, "but we have to return it in three months."

1. Based on the books Mike finds to check out, we can tell that he is interested in

1. science    B. nature    C. mystery    D. adventure

2. While at the computer, Mike's mom

I.     checks her email

II.    looks at pictures    

III.   reads an article

1. I only        

2. B. I and II only

3. C. II and III only

4. D. I, II, and III

3. According to the passage, how long can Mike and his mother use the books and the movie before they must return them to the library?

1. one week 

2. two weeks

3. three weeks

4. four weeks

4. Based on its use in paragraph 4, it can be understood that the word quizzically belongs to which of the following word groups?

1. abnormally, strangely, weirdly

2. casually, carelessly, indifferently

3. passionately, keenly, intensely

4. inquisitively, questioningly, curiously

5. As used in paragraph 5, the phrase "check out" most nearly means

1. to see

2. to rent

3. to find

4. to buy

6. Using the passage as a guide, it can be understood that you can check out which of the following things from the library?

I.     pictures

II.    furniture

III.   computers

1. I only

2. I and II only

3. II and III only

4. I, II, and III

7. This passage is mostly about

1. Mike's mom

2. a picture of the ocean

3. a trip to the library

4. computers and movies

Bài đọc

A Killer Whale?

Killer whales, also known as orcas, have a name that may make them sound especially dangerous. But with brains four times larger than human brains, killer whales are actually among the smartest creatures in the world.

The name “killer whale” is misleading. Before scientists began studying killer whales, they were known as dangerous, bloodthirsty monsters. But there is actually no record of any serious attacks by wild killer whales on humans at any point in history.

“Killer whale” is also misleading because the creatures are actually part of the family Delphinidae, meaning they are more like dolphins and porpoises than whales. Like common bottlenose dolphins, killer whales are intelligent and easy to teach, which is why you may see them doing tricks at aquariums or amusement parks.

By putting killer whales in captivity, scientists have learned a lot about them, and many people have been entertained by killer whale shows. But killer whales are at their healthiest and smartest when they remain free in the open ocean, where they travel up to 100 miles a day with their families, communicating with and teaching each other.

1. According to the passage, what is another name for killer whales?

1. porpoises

2. dolphins

3. bottlenoses

4. orcas

2. What is the name of the family that killer whales belong to?

1. Delphiniden

2. Dolphinidea

3. Delphinidae

4. Dolphinidae

3. As used in paragraph 3, the word intelligent most nearly means

1. strange

2. difficult

3. smart

4. dangerous

4. In the final paragraph, the passage says, “But killer whales are at their healthiest and smartest when they remain free in the open ocean, where they travel up to 100 miles a day with their families, communicating with and teaching each other.” From this we can understand that

1. putting killer whales in captivity is not the best option for the creatures

2. putting killer whales in captivity is not a problem for the creatures

3. killer whales can learn more on their own in captivity

4. killer whale tanks in aquariums provide as much freedom as the open ocean

5. Up to how many miles a day do wild killer whales swim with their families?

1. 500

2. 100

3. 10

4. 1000

6. This passage mostly provides

1. facts about killer whales and their intelligence

2. facts about how killer whales are often kept in captivity

3. information on killer whales’ hunting habits

4. information on how to capture and train killer whales

Bài đọc

A Killer Whale?

Killer whales, also known as orcas, have a name that may make them sound especially dangerous. But with brains four times larger than human brains, killer whales are actually among the smartest creatures in the world.

The name “killer whale” is misleading. Before scientists began studying killer whales, they were known as dangerous, bloodthirsty monsters. But there is actually no record of any serious attacks by wild killer whales on humans at any point in history.

“Killer whale” is also misleading because the creatures are actually part of the family Delphinidae, meaning they are more like dolphins and porpoises than whales. Like common bottlenose dolphins, killer whales are intelligent and easy to teach, which is why you may see them doing tricks at aquariums or amusement parks.

By putting killer whales in captivity, scientists have learned a lot about them, and many people have been entertained by killer whale shows. But killer whales are at their healthiest and smartest when they remain free in the open ocean, where they travel up to 100 miles a day with their families, communicating with and teaching each other.

1. According to the passage, what is another name for killer whales?

1. porpoises

2. dolphins

3. bottlenoses

4. orcas

2. What is the name of the family that killer whales belong to?

1. Delphiniden

2. Dolphinidea

3. Delphinidae

4. Dolphinidae

3. As used in paragraph 3, the word intelligent most nearly means

1. strange

2. difficult

3. smart

4. dangerous

4. In the final paragraph, the passage says, “But killer whales are at their healthiest and smartest when they remain free in the open ocean, where they travel up to 100 miles a day with their families, communicating with and teaching each other.” From this we can understand that

1. putting killer whales in captivity is not the best option for the creatures

2. putting killer whales in captivity is not a problem for the creatures

3. killer whales can learn more on their own in captivity

4. killer whale tanks in aquariums provide as much freedom as the open ocean

5. Up to how many miles a day do wild killer whales swim with their families?

1. 500

2. 100

3. 10

4. 1000

6. This passage mostly provides

1. facts about killer whales and their intelligence

2. facts about how killer whales are often kept in captivity

3. information on killer whales’ hunting habits

4. information on how to capture and train killer whales