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a, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2O}=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,04.64=2,56\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,04.18=0,72\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{10,8}{232}=\dfrac{27}{580}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{580}}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{4}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=4n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{27}{145}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{81}{580}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{27}{145}=\dfrac{2}{145}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{145}.2\approx0,0276\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=\dfrac{27}{145}.18\approx3,35\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{81}{580}.56\approx7,82\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\a, PTHH:4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,2}{3}\Rightarrow O_2dư\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=102.0,1=10,2\left(g\right)\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,2}{3}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(a.n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\\ \rightarrow CuOdư\\ n_{CuO\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,15=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CuO\left(DƯ\right)}=0,35.80=28\left(g\right)\\ b.m_{Cu}=0,35.64=22,4\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{hh_{rắn}}=m_{Cu}+m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=22,4+28=50,4\left(g\right)\)
Bài của câu này đây nha em! Bị lỗi CT anh gõ, thôi anh cap lại từ trang cá nhân của anh!
Nếu có thể thì lần sau bạn nên đăng tách từng bài ra nhé!
Bài 1:
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) , ta được Mg dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,05.95=4,75\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2:
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,15}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
Bài 3:
PT: \(2M+6HCl\rightarrow2MCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,704}{22,4}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{3,78}{0,14}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: M là nhôm (Al).
Bài 4:
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}>\dfrac{0,2}{5}\) , ta được P dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,08.142=11,36\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, Theo gt ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,15(mol);n_{O_2}=0,05(mol)$
$2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O$
Sau phản ứng $H_2$ còn dư. Và dư 0,05.22,4=1,12(l)
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=1,8(g)$
\(a.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{24}{160}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{to}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,3}{3}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\\ \rightarrow Fe_2O_3dư\\ n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,15-\dfrac{0,3}{3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,05.160=8\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3}{3}.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{rắn}=m_{Fe}+m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=11,2+8=19,2\left(g\right)\)
pthhL
\(3O_2+4Al\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(nO_2=12,395:24,9=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(nAl=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lê:
\(\dfrac{nO_2}{3}>\dfrac{nAl}{4}\)
=> Oxy dư và dư: \(mO_{2dư}=0,06.32=2g\)
b, tính theo pthh vì nO2 dư nên lấy số mol của Al
=> \(nAl_2O_3=\dfrac{2}{4}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mAl_2O_3=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3}}{M_{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{23,2}{160}=0,145mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,145 > 0,2 ( mol )
1/15 0,2 2/15 ( mol 0
Chất còn dư là \(Fe_2O_3\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(du\right)}=n_{Fe_2O_3\left(du\right)}.M_{Fe_2O_3}=\left(0,145-\dfrac{1}{15}\right).160=12,53g\)
\(m_{Fe}=n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=7,4666g\)