Bài 1:

a) Ta có: \(\frac{-5}{8}+x=\frac{4}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{9}-\frac{-5}{8}=\frac{32}{72}-\frac{-45}{72}\)

hay \(x=\frac{77}{72}\)

Vậy: \(x=\frac{77}{72}\)

b) Ta có: \(1\frac{3}{4}\cdot x+1\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{4}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7}{4}\cdot x+\frac{3}{2}=-\frac{4}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7}{4}\cdot x=-\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{2}=-\frac{23}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-23}{10}:\frac{7}{4}=\frac{-23}{10}\cdot\frac{4}{7}\)

hay \(x=-\frac{46}{35}\)

Vậy: \(x=-\frac{46}{35}\)

c) Ta có: \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{2}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{4}:\frac{3}{4}=\frac{2}{4}\cdot\frac{4}{3}\)

hay \(x=\frac{2}{3}\)

Vậy: \(x=\frac{2}{3}\)

d) Ta có: \(x\cdot\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\frac{9}{20}-\frac{15}{56}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\frac{9}{20}=\frac{15}{56}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{15}{56}:\frac{9}{20}=\frac{15}{56}\cdot\frac{20}{9}\)

hay \(x=\frac{25}{42}\)

Vậy: \(x=\frac{25}{42}\)

e) Ta có: \(\frac{3}{35}-\left(\frac{3}{5}+x\right)=\frac{2}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{35}-\frac{3}{5}-x=\frac{2}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-18}{35}-x=\frac{2}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-x=\frac{2}{7}-\frac{-18}{35}=\frac{2}{7}+\frac{18}{35}=\frac{4}{5}\)

hay \(x=-\frac{4}{5}\)

Vậy: \(x=-\frac{4}{5}\)

f) Ta có: \(\frac{3}{7}+\frac{1}{7}:x=\frac{3}{14}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{7}\cdot\frac{1}{x}=\frac{3}{14}-\frac{3}{7}=\frac{-3}{14}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}=\frac{-3}{14}:\frac{1}{7}=-\frac{3}{14}\cdot7=-\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1\cdot2}{-3}=\frac{2}{-3}=-\frac{2}{3}\)

Vậy: \(x=-\frac{2}{3}\)

g) Ta có: \(\left(5x-1\right)\left(2x-\frac{1}{3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x-1=0\\2x-\frac{1}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x=1\\2x=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{3}:2=\frac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{1}{5};\frac{1}{6}\right\}\)

1a) \(\left|\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|4x-1\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\\\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=1-4x\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}-\frac{5}{2}x=-\frac{3}{2}\\\frac{11}{2}x=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{3}\\x=\frac{1}{11}\end{cases}}\)

b) \(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|=0\)

=>\(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|=\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}=\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\\\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}=-\frac{5}{8}x-\frac{3}{5}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{5}{8}x=\frac{41}{10}\\\frac{15}{8}x=\frac{29}{10}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{164}{25}\\x=\frac{116}{75}\end{cases}}\)

c) TT

a, \(\left|\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|4x-1\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\\-\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}-4x=-1\\-\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}-4x=-1\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{11}\end{cases}}\)

\(b,\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|=0\)

=> \(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-0=\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|\)

=> \(\frac{\left|5x-14\right|}{4}=\frac{\left|25x+24\right|}{40}\)

=> \(\frac{10(\left|5x-14\right|)}{40}=\frac{\left|25x+24\right|}{40}\)

=> \(\left|50x-140\right|=\left|25x+24\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}50x-140=25x+24\\-50x+140=25x+24\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{164}{25}\\x=\frac{116}{75}\end{cases}}\)

c, \(\left|\frac{7}{5}x+\frac{2}{3}\right|=\left|\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{7}{5}x+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\\-\frac{7}{5}x-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{55}{4}\\x=-\frac{25}{164}\end{cases}}\)

Bài 2 : a. |2x - 5| = x + 1

 TH1 : 2x - 5 = x + 1

    => 2x - 5 - x = 1

    => 2x - x - 5 = 1

    => 2x - x = 6

    => x = 6

TH2 : -2x + 5 = x + 1

   => -2x + 5 - x = 1

   => -2x - x + 5 = 1

   => -3x = -4

   => x = 4/3

Ba bài còn lại tương tự

Câu a:

(\(x\) - \(\frac{-7}{8}\)) + 2,3 = 3,24

\(x+\frac78\) = 3,24 - 2,3

\(x\) + \(\frac78\) = 0,94

\(x\) = 0,94 - 7/8

\(x\) = 0,065

Vậy x = 0,065

Câu b:

x.(4,6 + 3/5) = 7,2 - 8,15

x.(4,6 + 3/5) = - 0,95

x.5,2 = - 0,95

x = -0,95 : 5,2

x = - 19/104

Vậy x = -19/104

\(A=\frac{99}{100}-\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+..+\frac{1}{99.100}\right)\)

\(A=\frac{99}{100}-\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)

\(A=\frac{99}{100}-\frac{99}{100}\)

\(A=\frac{99-99}{100}=0\)

Bài 2 

\(\left(3x+5\right).\left(2x-4\right)=0\)

\(TH1:3x+5=0\)

\(3x=-5\)

\(x=-\frac{5}{3}\)

\(TH2:2x-4=0\)

\(2x=4\)

\(x=2\)

\(\left(x^2-1\right).\left(x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-1=0\)

\(x^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=1\)

\(x+3=0\)

\(x=-3\)

\(5x^2-\frac{1}{2}x=0\)

\(\Rightarrow5x^2-\frac{x}{2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow5x^2=\frac{5x^2}{1}=\frac{5x^2.2}{2}\)

\(10x^2-x=x.\left(10x-1\right)\)

\(\frac{x.\left(10x-1\right)}{2}=0\)

\(\frac{x.\left(10x-1\right)}{2}.2=0.2\)

\(10x-1=0\)

\(x=\frac{1}{10}=0.100\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{10}=0.100\\x=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\frac{x}{4}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{5}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5\)

\(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{7}{8}:x=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\frac{7}{8}:x=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{8}\)

\(x=\frac{7}{8}:\frac{5}{8}\)

\(x=\frac{56}{40}=\frac{28}{20}=\frac{14}{10}=\frac{7}{5}\)

Câu a:

2.(3\(x\) - \(\frac12\)) - 2\(x\) = \(\frac12\).(2\(x\) - 3)

6\(x\) - 1 - 2\(x\) = \(x\) - \(\frac32\)

6\(x\) - 2\(x\) - \(x\) = 1 - \(\frac32\)

4\(x\) - \(x\) = - \(\frac12\)

3\(x\) = - \(\frac12\)

\(x\) = - \(\frac12\) : 3

\(x=-\frac16\)

Vậy \(x=-\frac16\)

Câu b:

(2\(x\) - \(\frac35\))\(^2\) = \(\frac{4}{25}\)

(2\(x-\frac35\))\(^2\) = \(\left(\frac{2}{25}\right)\)\(^2\)

2\(x\) - \(\frac35\) = \(\frac25\) hoặc 2\(x\) - \(\frac35\) = - \(\frac25\)

TH: 2\(x\) - \(\frac35\) = \(\frac25\)

2\(x\) = \(\frac25+\frac35\)

2\(x\) = 1

\(x=\frac12\)

2\(x\) - \(\frac35\) = - \(\frac25\)

2\(x\) = - \(\frac25\) + \(\frac35\)

2\(x\) = \(\frac15\)

\(x\) = \(\frac{13}{25}\) : 2

\(x\) = \(\frac15\)

Vậy \(x\) ∈ {1/5; 1/2}

a) \(\left|0,5x-2\right|-\left|x+\frac{1}{3}\right|=0\)

=> \(\left|0,5x-2\right|=\left|x+\frac{1}{3}\right|\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}0,5x-2=x+\frac{1}{3}\\0,5x-2=-x-\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}-0,5x=\frac{7}{3}\\1,5x=\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{14}{3}\\x=\frac{10}{9}\end{cases}}\)

b) \(2x-\left|x+1\right|=\frac{1}{2}\)

=> \(\left|x+1\right|=2x-\frac{1}{2}\) (Đk: \(2x-\frac{1}{2}\ge0\) <=> \(x\ge\frac{1}{4}\))

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=2x-\frac{1}{2}\\x+1=\frac{1}{2}-2x\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}-x=-\frac{3}{2}\\3x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=-\frac{1}{6}\end{cases}}\)

Câu c:

|2x -1| - |x + 1/3| = 0

|2x -1| = |x + 1/3|

2x - 1 = x + 1/3 hoặc 2x - 1 = - x + 1/3

2x - x = 1/3 + 1

x = 4/3

2x - 1 = - x + 1/3

2x + x = 1/3 + 1

3x = 4/3

x = 4/3 : 3

x = 4/9

Vậy x ∈ {4/9; 4/3}

Câu d:

-1\(\frac23\) - (|2\(x\)| + \(\frac56\)) = - 2

-\(\frac53\) - |2\(x\)| - \(\frac56\) = - 2

|2\(x\)| = - \(\frac53\) - \(\frac56\) + 2

|2\(x\)| = - \(\frac52\) + 2

|2\(x\)| = - \(\frac12\) (vô lí vì trị tuyệt đối của một số luôn là một số không âm)

Không có giá trị nào của x thỏa mãn đề bài.

x ∈ ∅

Câu a:

|\(x\) - 3| = \(x\) + 4

Vì |\(x\) - 3| ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\) nên \(x\) + 4 ≥ 0 ⇒ \(x\) ≥ - 4

Với -4 ≤ \(x\) ≤ 3 ta có:

-\(x\) + 3 = \(x\) + 4

\(x\) + \(x\) = -4 + 3

2\(x\) = -1

\(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)

Với x > 3 ta có:

x - 3 = x + 4

x - x = 3 + 4

0 = 7 (vô lí)

Vậy x = -1/2 là nghiện duy nhất của phương trình.

Vậy \(x\) = -1/2