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Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2.\left(yz+1\right)^2.\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=A\)
Ta có \(A=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{8\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}}=3.2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
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\(3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{5\sqrt[5]{\frac{y}{256x^4}}\cdot5\sqrt[5]{\frac{z}{256y^4}}\cdot5\sqrt[5]{\frac{x}{256z^4}}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{125\sqrt[5]{\frac{xyz}{256^3\left(xyz\right)^4}}}\)
\(=15\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[5]{\frac{1}{256^3\left(xyz\right)^3}}}\)
\(\ge15\sqrt[15]{\frac{1}{256^3\cdot\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^9}}\)
\(\ge15\sqrt[15]{\frac{1}{256^3\cdot\frac{1}{2^9}}}=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài này thì AM-GM thôi
\(P=\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\)
Sử dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 3 số không âm ta có :
\(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)^2}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy}{x}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz}{y}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Tiếp tục sử dụng AM-GM cho 2 số không âm ta được :
\(3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt[2]{y\frac{1}{x}}\right)\left(2\sqrt[2]{z\frac{1}{y}}\right)\left(2\sqrt[2]{x\frac{1}{z}}\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{8\left(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}.\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}.\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{8.\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}}=3\sqrt[3]{8}=3.2=6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=6\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le x^2,y^2,z^2\le1\)
Theo đề bài thì:
\(2P-2=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+x^2\left(y-z\right)^2+y^2\left(z-x\right)^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(z-x\right)^2+x^2\left(y-z\right)^2+y^2\left(z-x\right)^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(z^2-1\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\left(x^2-1\right)+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(y^2-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Với \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\),ta có:
\(P=xy+yz+zx+\frac{1}{2}\left[x^2\left(y-z\right)^2+y^2\left(z-x\right)^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\)
\(=xy+yz+zx+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2-x^2yz-xy^2z-xyz^2\)
\(=x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xy\left(1-z^2\right)+yz\left(1-x^2\right)+zx\left(1-y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)+yz\left(y^2+z^2\right)+zx\left(z^2+x^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2x^2+\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+\left(y^2+z^2\right)^2+\left(z^2+x^2\right)^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4+2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2x^2\right)}{2}=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2}=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\pm\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
a: \(x^2+y^2(x-y+1)-\left(x-1\right)\cdot y=22\)
=>\(x^2 + y^2(x - y + 1) - xy + y = 22\)
=>\(x^2-xy+y^2(x-y+1)+y=22\)
=>\(x(x-y+1)-x+y^2(x-y+1)+y=22\)
\(\iff(x-y+1)(x+y^2)-(x-y)=22\)
\(\iff(x-y+1)(x+y^2)-(x-y+1)+1=22\)
=>\((x-y+1)(x+y^2-1)=21\)
TH1: \(\begin{cases}x-y+1=1\\ x+y^2-1=21\end{cases}\)
=>\(\begin{cases}x=y\\ y+y^2-1=21\end{cases}\iff y^2+y-22=0\)
=>\(y^2+y+\frac14-\frac{89}{4}=0\)
=>\(\left(y+\frac12\right)^2=\frac{89}{4}\)
=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}y+\frac12=\frac{\sqrt{89}}{2}\\ y+\frac12=-\frac{\sqrt{89}}{2}\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}y=\frac{\sqrt{89}-1}{2}\left(loại\right)\\ y=\frac{-\sqrt{89}-1}{2}\left(loại\right)\end{array}\right.\)
=>Loại
TH2: \(\begin{cases}x-y+1=21\\ x+y^2-1=1\end{cases}\iff\begin{cases}x=y+20\\ (y+20)+y^2-1=1\end{cases}\iff y^2+y+18=0\)
=>\(y^2+y+\frac14+\frac{71}{4}=0\)
=>\(\left(y+\frac12\right)^2+\frac{71}{4}=0\) (vô lý)
=>Loại
TH3: \(\begin{cases}x-y+1=3\\ x+y^2-1=7\end{cases}\iff\begin{cases}x=y+2\\ (y+2)+y^2-1=7\end{cases}\iff y^2+y-6=0\)
=>(y+3)(y-2)=0
=>y=-3 hoặc y=2
Nếu y=-3 thì x-y+1=3
=>x-y=2
=>x-(-3)=2
=>x+3=2
=>x=-1
Nếu y=2 thì x-y+1=3
=>x-2+1=3
=>x-1=3
=>x=4
TH4: \(\begin{cases}x-y+1=7\\ x+y^2-1=3\end{cases}\iff\begin{cases}x=y+6\\ (y+6)+y^2-1=3\end{cases}\iff y^2+y+2=0\)
=>y∈∅
=>Loại